Exodus 25:28

Posted on March 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 25:28 Ipsos quoque vectes facies de lignis setim, et circumdabis auro ad subvehendam mensam.

You shall also make the poles themselves from acacia wood, and you shall overlay them with gold, for carrying the table.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Ipsos the … themselves ACC.PL.M.PRON.DEM
2 quoque also ADV
3 vectes poles ACC.PL.M.3RD DECL
4 facies you shall make 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
5 de from PREP+ABL
6 lignis woods ABL.PL.N.3RD DECL
7 setim acacia ABL.PL.N.INVAR
8 et and CONJ
9 circumdabis you shall overlay 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
10 auro with gold ABL.SG.N.2ND DECL
11 ad for PREP+ACC
12 subvehendam carrying ACC.SG.F.PTCP.FUT.PASS
13 mensam table ACC.SG.F.1ST DECL

Syntax

Object phrase: Ipsos quoque vectes identifies the poles themselves as the direct object of the command.
Main clause: facies de lignis setim gives the material requirement for crafting the poles.
Coordinated clause: et circumdabis auro commands overlaying them with gold.
Purpose phrase: ad subvehendam mensam expresses the purpose—“for carrying the table.”

Morphology

  1. Ipsos — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: pronoun (demonstrative/intensive); Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: intensifies reference to vectes; Translation: the … themselves; Notes: stresses the poles specifically.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: adds another required item; Translation: also; Notes: continuation of construction instructions.
  3. vectes — Lemma: vectis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object of facies; Translation: poles; Notes: carrying rods for the sacred table.
  4. facies — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: main command; Translation: you shall make; Notes: expresses obligation.
  5. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates material source; Translation: from; Notes: common material-use preposition.
  6. lignis — Lemma: lignum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of de; Translation: woods; Notes: refers to acacia wood, standard for sacred furnishings.
  7. setim — Lemma: setim; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural invariable; Function: specifies wood type; Translation: acacia; Notes: indeclinable biblical wood name.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins second command; Translation: and; Notes: links consecutive actions.
  9. circumdabis — Lemma: circumdo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: secondary command; Translation: you shall overlay; Notes: expresses mandated finishing.
  10. auro — Lemma: aurum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with gold; Notes: specifies material of overlay.
  11. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: purpose indicator; Translation: for; Notes: classical purpose construction.
  12. subvehendam — Lemma: subveho; Part of Speech: participle (future passive); Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: gerundive of purpose modifying mensam; Translation: carrying; Notes: expresses necessity: “for the carrying of the table.”
  13. mensam — Lemma: mensa; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of the gerundive phrase; Translation: table; Notes: refers to the Table of the Presence.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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