Exodus 25:27

Posted on March 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

27 Subter coronam erunt circuli aurei, ut mittantur vectes per eos, et possit mensa portari.

Under the crown there shall be golden rings, so that the poles may be inserted through them, and the table may be carried.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Subter under PREP+ACC
2 coronam crown ACC.SG.F.1ST DECL
3 erunt there shall be 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
4 circuli rings NOM.PL.M.2ND DECL
5 aurei golden NOM.PL.M.ADJ
6 ut so that CONJ
7 mittantur may be inserted 3PL.PRES.PASS.SUBJ
8 vectes poles NOM.PL.M.3RD DECL
9 per through PREP+ACC
10 eos them ACC.PL.M.PRON.DEM
11 et and CONJ
12 possit may be able 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
13 mensa table NOM.SG.F.1ST DECL
14 portari to be carried INF.PRES.PASS

Syntax

Locative phrase: Subter coronam specifies the position of the golden rings beneath the decorative molding.
Main clause: erunt circuli aurei declares the existence of golden rings.
Purpose clause 1: ut mittantur vectes per eos expresses why the rings exist—so the poles may be inserted.
Purpose clause 2: et possit mensa portari states the further purpose—so that the table may be carried.

Morphology

  1. Subter — Lemma: subter; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses position beneath; Translation: under; Notes: common in descriptive instructions.
  2. coronam — Lemma: corona; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of subter; Translation: crown; Notes: refers to the table’s ornamental molding.
  3. erunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third plural; Function: main verb; Translation: there shall be; Notes: expresses mandatory construction requirement.
  4. circuli — Lemma: circulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of erunt; Translation: rings; Notes: structural components used for carrying the table.
  5. aurei — Lemma: aureus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies circuli; Translation: golden; Notes: describes the material.
  6. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: so that; Notes: signals intended outcome.
  7. mittantur — Lemma: mitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive subjunctive third plural; Function: purpose verb; Translation: may be inserted; Notes: passive voice highlights the poles as receivers of the action.
  8. vectes — Lemma: vectis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of mittantur; Translation: poles; Notes: carrying poles for transporting the table.
  9. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses passage through; Translation: through; Notes: common spatial preposition.
  10. eos — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun (demonstrative); Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of per; Translation: them; Notes: refers to the rings.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links second purpose clause; Translation: and; Notes: coordinates outcomes.
  12. possit — Lemma: possum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive third singular; Function: verb of purpose; Translation: may be able; Notes: expresses potential ability arising from ring placement.
  13. mensa — Lemma: mensa; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of possit; Translation: table; Notes: the table of the Presence.
  14. portari — Lemma: porto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to be carried; Notes: expresses purpose—transport during Israel’s journey.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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