Exodus 29:28

Posted on March 20, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 29:28 quo initiatus est Aaron et filii eius, cedentque in partem Aaron et filiorum eius iure perpetuo a filiis Israel: quia primitiva sunt et initia de victimis eorum pacificis quæ offerunt Domino.

With which Aaron and his sons have been consecrated, and they shall pass into the portion of Aaron and his sons as a perpetual right from the sons of Israel, because they are the first portions and beginnings from their peace-offerings which they offer to the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 quo with which ABL.SG.N PRON REL
2 initiatus initiated NOM.SG.M PTCP PERF.PASS
3 est has been 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
4 Aaron Aaron NOM.SG.M NOUN INDECL
5 et and CONJ INDECL
6 filii sons NOM.PL.M NOUN 2ND DECL
7 eius his GEN.SG.M/F PRON POSS
8 cedentque and they shall pass 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
9 in into PREP+ACC INDECL
10 partem portion ACC.SG.F NOUN 3RD DECL
11 Aaron of Aaron GEN.SG.M NOUN INDECL
12 et and CONJ INDECL
13 filiorum of the sons GEN.PL.M NOUN 2ND DECL
14 eius his GEN.SG.M/F PRON POSS
15 iure by right ABL.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL
16 perpetuo perpetual ABL.SG.N ADJ POS
17 a from PREP+ABL INDECL
18 filiis sons ABL.PL.M NOUN 2ND DECL
19 Israel of Israel ABL.SG.M NOUN INDECL
20 quia because CONJ INDECL
21 primitiva first portions NOM.PL.N ADJ POS
22 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
23 et and CONJ INDECL
24 initia first beginnings NOM.PL.N NOUN 3RD DECL
25 de from PREP+ABL INDECL
26 victimis offerings ABL.PL.F NOUN 3RD DECL
27 eorum their GEN.PL.M/F PRON POSS
28 pacificis peace-offerings ABL.PL.F ADJ POS
29 quae which NOM.PL.F PRON REL
30 offerunt they offer 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
31 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M NOUN 2ND DECL

Syntax

Relative Clause 1: quo initiatus est Aaron et filii eius — modifies the previously mentioned sacrificial portion; initiatus est is perfect passive; Aaron et filii eius are joint subjects.
Main Clause: cedentque in partem Aaron et filiorum eius — cedent is the main verb, complemented by destination phrase in partem….
Prepositional Phrase: iure perpetuo a filiis Israel — expresses the perpetual right granted by Israel.
Causal Clause: quia primitiva sunt et initia de victimis eorum pacificis — explains why the offering belongs to Aaron.
Relative Clause 2: quae offerunt Domino modifies victimis… pacificis, identifying the offerings as those given to the LORD.

Morphology

  1. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of instrument in relative clause; Translation: with which; Notes: refers to the sacrificial portion used for consecration.
  2. initiatus — Lemma: initio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect passive participle; Function: predicate in clause; Translation: initiated; Notes: describes ritual consecration.
  3. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present indicative active third person singular; Function: auxiliary in perfect passive; Translation: has been; Notes: completes periphrastic passive.
  4. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular indeclinable; Function: subject of initiatus est; Translation: Aaron; Notes: unchanged Hebrew name.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates subjects; Translation: and; Notes: joins Aaron with sons.
  6. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: sons; Notes: refers to Aaron’s sons as co-priests.
  7. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: modifies filii; Translation: his; Notes: refers back to Aaron.
  8. cedentque — Lemma: cedo; Part of Speech: verb with enclitic; Form: future indicative active third person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: and they shall pass; Notes: describes legal transfer to the priests.
  9. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces direction; Translation: into; Notes: marks movement into possession.
  10. partem — Lemma: pars; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: portion; Notes: denotes priestly share.
  11. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular indeclinable; Function: possessor; Translation: of Aaron; Notes: genitive by context.
  12. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates possessors; Translation: and; Notes: expands possession to the sons.
  13. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: of the sons; Notes: refers to priestly descendants.
  14. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: modifies filiorum; Translation: his; Notes: refers again to Aaron.
  15. iure — Lemma: ius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of manner; Translation: by right; Notes: denotes legal entitlement.
  16. perpetuo — Lemma: perpetuus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: modifies iure; Translation: perpetual; Notes: expresses permanent priestly statute.
  17. a — Lemma: a/ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates source; Translation: from; Notes: identifies Israel as the giving party.
  18. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of a; Translation: the sons; Notes: collective term for Israelites.
  19. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: ablative singular indeclinable; Function: genitive of the nation; Translation: of Israel; Notes: standard Biblical usage.
  20. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces causal clause; Translation: because; Notes: classical causal marker.
  21. primitiva — Lemma: primitivus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: first portions; Notes: refers to first share of offerings.
  22. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present indicative active third person plural; Function: verbal copula; Translation: are; Notes: links subject with predicate.
  23. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates predicates; Translation: and; Notes: extends classification.
  24. initia — Lemma: initium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: coordinated predicate nominative; Translation: beginnings; Notes: refers to first-fruits of sacrifices.
  25. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses origin; Translation: from; Notes: standard marker of source.
  26. victimis — Lemma: victima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: sacrifices; Notes: refers specifically to peace offerings.
  27. eorum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun (possessive); Form: genitive plural masculine/feminine; Function: modifies victimis pacificis; Translation: their; Notes: refers to Israel.
  28. pacificis — Lemma: pacificus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: modifies victimis; Translation: peace-offerings; Notes: technical sacrificial term.
  29. quae — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to the peace-offerings.
  30. offerunt — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present indicative active third person plural; Function: verbal action of relative clause; Translation: they offer; Notes: describes Israel’s sacrificial activity.
  31. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine, second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH and must be rendered “LORD.”

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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