Exodus 31:11

Posted on March 22, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 31:11 oleum unctionis, et thymiama aromatum in Sanctuario, omnia quæ præcepi tibi, facient.

the oil of anointing, and the incense of spices in the Sanctuary, all the things which I have commanded you, they shall do.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 oleum oil ACC.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
2 unctionis of anointing GEN.SG.F NOUN 3RD DECL
3 et and CONJ INDECL
4 thymiama incense ACC.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL
5 aromatum of spices GEN.PL.N NOUN 2ND DECL
6 in in PREP+ABL INDECL
7 Sanctuario the Sanctuary ABL.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
8 omnia all things NOM.PL.N PRON INDEF
9 quæ which NOM.PL.N PRON REL
10 præcepi I have commanded 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
11 tibi to you DAT.SG.2ND.PERS PRON
12 facient they will do 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ

Syntax

Coordinated Objects: oleum unctionis and thymiama aromatum — items required for ritual use.
Locative Phrase: in Sanctuario — specifies where these items belong.
Main Clause: omnia quæ præcepi tibi facient — subject omnia + relative clause + main verb “they will do.”
Relative Clause: quæ præcepi tibi — defines the content of omnia.

Morphology

  1. oleum — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: oil; Notes: refers to sacred anointing oil.
  2. unctionis — Lemma: unctio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of quality; Translation: of anointing; Notes: specifies ritual purpose.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins coordinated objects; Translation: and; Notes: simple connective.
  4. thymiama — Lemma: thymiama; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: incense; Notes: refers to liturgical incense blend.
  5. aromatum — Lemma: aroma; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural neuter; Function: genitive of material; Translation: of spices; Notes: indicates composition of incense.
  6. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: in; Notes: specifies sacred location.
  7. Sanctuario — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: the Sanctuary; Notes: inner sacred area.
  8. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: pronoun/adjective; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject; Translation: all things; Notes: summarizes entire command list.
  9. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to omnia.
  10. præcepi — Lemma: præcipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative first singular; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: I have commanded; Notes: spoken by YHWH to Moses.
  11. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: to you; Notes: Moses is the recipient of divine directives.
  12. facient — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third plural; Function: main predicate; Translation: they will do; Notes: subject understood as “they,” i.e., craftsmen or priests.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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