Leviticus 7:25

Posted on April 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 7:25 Si quis adipem, qui offerri debet in incensum Domini, comederit, peribit de populo suo.

If anyone shall have eaten the fat, which must be offered as incense to the LORD, that person shall perish from his people.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Si if CONJ
2 quis anyone INDEF.NOM.SG.M
3 adipem the fat ACC.SG.M
4 qui which REL.NOM.SG.M
5 offerri to be offered INF.PRES.PASS
6 debet must 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
7 in as PREP+ACC
8 incensum incense ACC.SG.N
9 Domini of the LORD GEN.SG.M
10 comederit shall have eaten 3SG.PERF.ACT.SUBJ
11 peribit shall perish 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
12 de from PREP+ABL
13 populo people ABL.SG.M
14 suo his own POSS.ABL.SG.M

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Si quis … comederit — establishes the prohibited act
Direct Object: adipem — the reserved sacrificial fat
Relative Clause: qui offerri debet in incensum Domini — defines fat destined for altar burning
Main Result Clause: peribit de populo suo — declares covenantal excision

Morphology

  1. Si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces a conditional clause; Translation: if; Notes: Frames a legal contingency.
  2. quis — Lemma: quis; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: anyone; Notes: Applies universally without exception.
  3. adipem — Lemma: adeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: the fat; Notes: Refers to fat reserved exclusively for the altar.
  4. qui — Lemma: qui, quæ, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of debet; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to adipem.
  5. offerri — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive with debet; Translation: to be offered; Notes: Indicates obligatory ritual presentation.
  6. debet — Lemma: debeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: verb of obligation; Translation: must; Notes: Expresses divine requirement.
  7. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: as; Notes: Marks intended ritual use.
  8. incensum — Lemma: incensum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, second declension; Function: object of in; Translation: incense; Notes: Refers to smoke-offering consumed by fire.
  9. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine, second declension; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: of the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the rightful recipient.
  10. comederit — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of the conditional clause; Translation: shall have eaten; Notes: Subjunctive expresses general legal condition.
  11. peribit — Lemma: pereo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of judgment; Translation: shall perish; Notes: Formula for covenantal excision.
  12. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: expresses separation; Translation: from; Notes: Indicates removal from the community.
  13. populo — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine, second declension; Function: object of de; Translation: people; Notes: The covenant community.
  14. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies populo; Translation: his own; Notes: Refers back to the offender.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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