Leviticus 7:28

Posted on April 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 7:28 Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens:

And the LORD spoke to Moyses, saying:

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Locutusque and having spoken PTCP.PERF.DEP.NOM.SG.M+CONJ
2 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
3 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
4 ad to PREP+ACC
5 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M
6 dicens saying PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Dominus est locutus — subject Dominus with deponent perfect verb
Conjunctive Participle: Locutusque — links this speech to the preceding context
Prepositional Phrase: ad Moysen — identifies the recipient of divine speech
Supplementary Participle: dicens — introduces the forthcoming direct discourse

Morphology

  1. Locutusque — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: verb (deponent) + enclitic conjunction; Form: perfect deponent participle nominative singular masculine with enclitic -que; Function: verbal connector introducing speech; Translation: and having spoken; Notes: Standard narrative formula introducing divine discourse.
  2. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary completing the perfect deponent; Translation: is; Notes: Forms the periphrastic perfect with locutus.
  3. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, second declension; Function: subject; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH as covenant speaker.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: introduces the recipient; Translation: to; Notes: Marks direction of speech.
  5. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: Moses; Notes: Covenant mediator and recipient of instruction.
  6. dicens — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: introduces direct speech; Translation: saying; Notes: Signals that quoted instruction follows immediately.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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