Leviticus 7:29

Posted on April 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 7:29 Loquere filiis Israel, dicens: Qui offert victimam pacificorum Domino, offerat simul et sacrificium, id est, libamenta eius.

“Speak to the sons of Israel, saying: ‘He who offers a peace-offering victim to the LORD, shall also offer a sacrifice, that is, its libations.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Loquere speak 2SG.PRES.IMP.MOOD.DEP
2 filiis to the sons DAT.PL.M
3 Israel of Israel INDECL.PROPN
4 dicens saying PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M
5 Qui he who REL.NOM.SG.M
6 offert offers 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
7 victimam the victim ACC.SG.F
8 pacificorum of peace offerings GEN.PL.M
9 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M
10 offerat let him offer 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
11 simul also ADV
12 et and CONJ
13 sacrificium a sacrifice ACC.SG.N
14 id that is PRON.NOM.SG.N
15 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
16 libamenta libations ACC.PL.N
17 eius its POSS.GEN.SG

Syntax

Imperative Introduction: Loquere filiis Israel — command directing Moses to address the people
Speech Formula: dicens — introduces the content of instruction
Relative Subject: Qui offert victimam pacificorum Domino — defines the responsible worshiper
Jussive Clause: offerat simul et sacrificium — prescribes the accompanying offering
Appositional Explanation: id est libamenta eius — specifies the sacrifice as libations belonging to the victim

Morphology

  1. Loquere — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: verb (deponent); Form: second person singular present imperative; Function: command; Translation: speak; Notes: Standard divine directive formula.
  2. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural masculine, second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the sons; Notes: Legal designation for the covenant descendants.
  3. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: genitival modifier of filiis; Translation: of Israel; Notes: Identifies the covenant community.
  4. dicens — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: introduces quoted instruction; Translation: saying; Notes: Signals that specific legislation follows.
  5. Qui — Lemma: qui, quæ, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of offert; Translation: he who; Notes: Creates a general legal category.
  6. offert — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: offers; Notes: Describes the act initiating obligation.
  7. victimam — Lemma: victima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine, first declension; Function: direct object of offert; Translation: the victim; Notes: The sacrificial animal.
  8. pacificorum — Lemma: pacificus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies victimam; Translation: of peace offerings; Notes: Communion or fellowship sacrifices.
  9. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine, second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH as recipient.
  10. offerat — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active subjunctive; Function: jussive command; Translation: let him offer; Notes: Expresses legal obligation.
  11. simul — Lemma: simul; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies offerat; Translation: also; Notes: Indicates accompaniment.
  12. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinator; Translation: and; Notes: Links required elements.
  13. sacrificium — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, second declension; Function: direct object of offerat; Translation: a sacrifice; Notes: Additional ritual component.
  14. id — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of est; Translation: that is; Notes: Introduces clarification.
  15. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: Links explanation to term.
  16. libamenta — Lemma: libamentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter, second declension; Function: predicate accusative in apposition; Translation: libations; Notes: Liquid offerings poured out with the sacrifice.
  17. eius — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: modifies libamenta; Translation: its; Notes: Refers back to the peace-offering victim.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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