Leviticus 9:5

Posted on April 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 9:5 Tulerunt ergo cuncta quæ iusserat Moyses ad ostium tabernaculi: ubi cum omnis multitudo astaret,

And so they took all the things which Moyses had commanded to the entrance of the tabernacle; and there when the whole multitude was standing by,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Tulerunt they took 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
2 ergo therefore ADV
3 cuncta all things ACC.PL.N
4 quæ which ACC.PL.N.REL
5 iusserat he had commanded 3SG.PLUP.ACT.IND
6 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
7 ad to PREP+ACC
8 ostium entrance ACC.SG.N
9 tabernaculi of the tabernacle GEN.SG.N
10 ubi where ADV.REL
11 cum when CONJ
12 omnis all NOM.SG.F
13 multitudo multitude NOM.SG.F
14 astaret was standing by 3SG.IMPF.ACT.SUBJ

Syntax

Main Clause: Tulerunt — principal narrative action performed by the people
Logical Connector: ergo — consequence following instruction
Direct Object: cuncta — entirety of required items
Relative Clause: quæ iusserat Moyses — specifies the commanded objects
Directional Phrase: ad ostium tabernaculi — destination of transport
Locative Clause: ubi — introduces the scene of assembly
Temporal Clause: cum omnis multitudo astaret — circumstance concurrent with arrival

Morphology

  1. Tulerunt — Lemma: fero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they took; Notes: Refers to collective action by Israel.
  2. ergo — Lemma: ergo; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: logical connector; Translation: therefore; Notes: Indicates obedience resulting from command.
  3. cuncta — Lemma: cunctus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: direct object; Translation: all things; Notes: Emphasizes completeness.
  4. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: object of iusserat; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to cuncta.
  5. iusserat — Lemma: iubeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular pluperfect active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: he had commanded; Notes: Prior instruction by Moses.
  6. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject of iusserat; Translation: Moses; Notes: Mediator of divine command.
  7. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: direction; Translation: to; Notes: Indicates movement toward.
  8. ostium — Lemma: ostium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular second declension; Function: object of ad; Translation: entrance; Notes: Sacred threshold.
  9. tabernaculi — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive neuter singular second declension; Function: modifies ostium; Translation: of the tabernacle; Notes: Dwelling place of YHWH.
  10. ubi — Lemma: ubi; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: locative connector; Translation: where; Notes: Introduces setting.
  11. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: temporal; Translation: when; Notes: Governs subjunctive.
  12. omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: modifies multitudo; Translation: all; Notes: Totality emphasized.
  13. multitudo — Lemma: multitudo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular third declension; Function: subject of astaret; Translation: multitude; Notes: The assembled community.
  14. astaret — Lemma: asto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular imperfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: was standing by; Notes: Describes attentive presence.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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