Leviticus 9:4

Posted on April 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 9:4 bovem et arietem pro pacificis: et immolate eos coram Domino, in sacrificio singulorum similam conspersam oleo offerentes. hodie enim Dominus apparebit vobis.

an ox and a ram for peace offerings; and you shall slaughter them before the LORD, offering with each one a grain offering mixed with oil; for today the LORD will appear to you.’”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 bovem ox ACC.SG.M
2 et and CONJ
3 arietem ram ACC.SG.M
4 pro for PREP+ABL
5 pacificis peace offerings ABL.PL.N
6 et and CONJ
7 immolate you shall slaughter 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
8 eos them ACC.PL.M
9 coram before PREP+ABL
10 Domino the LORD ABL.SG.M
11 in in PREP+ABL
12 sacrificio sacrifice ABL.SG.N
13 singulorum of each GEN.PL.M
14 similam fine flour ACC.SG.F
15 conspersam mixed PTCP.PERF.PASS.ACC.SG.F
16 oleo with oil ABL.SG.N
17 offerentes offering PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.PL.M
18 hodie today ADV
19 enim for ADV
20 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
21 apparebit will appear 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
22 vobis to you DAT.PL.M

Syntax

Objects Introduced: bovem et arietem — animals designated for offerings
Purpose Phrase: pro pacificis — peace offerings category
Main Imperative: immolate — command to slaughter
Locative Phrase: coram Domino — action performed in the divine presence
Attendant Circumstance: in sacrificio singulorum similam conspersam oleo offerentes — accompanying grain offering for each sacrifice
Temporal Justification: hodie enim Dominus apparebit vobis — reason given for the command

Morphology

  1. bovem — Lemma: bos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: ox; Notes: Animal for peace offering.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins the animals.
  3. arietem — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: ram; Notes: Second peace offering animal.
  4. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates sacrificial category.
  5. pacificis — Lemma: pacificum; Part of Speech: noun used substantively; Form: ablative neuter plural; Function: object of pro; Translation: peace offerings; Notes: Offerings expressing fellowship.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links commands.
  7. immolate — Lemma: immolo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural present active imperative; Function: command; Translation: you shall slaughter; Notes: Ritual killing of offerings.
  8. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative masculine plural; Function: direct object of immolate; Translation: them; Notes: Refers to the ox and ram.
  9. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: presence; Translation: before; Notes: Indicates the divine presence.
  10. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular second declension; Function: object of coram; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  11. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: circumstance; Translation: in; Notes: Introduces attendant offering.
  12. sacrificio — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular second declension; Function: object of in; Translation: sacrifice; Notes: The ritual context.
  13. singulorum — Lemma: singuli; Part of Speech: distributive adjective; Form: genitive masculine plural; Function: modifies sacrificio; Translation: of each; Notes: One grain offering per animal.
  14. similam — Lemma: simila; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular first declension; Function: direct object of offerentes; Translation: fine flour; Notes: Grain offering component.
  15. conspersam — Lemma: conspergo; Part of Speech: verb participle; Form: perfect passive participle accusative feminine singular; Function: modifies similam; Translation: mixed; Notes: Indicates preparation with oil.
  16. oleo — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular second declension; Function: means; Translation: with oil; Notes: Standard accompaniment.
  17. offerentes — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb participle; Form: present active participle nominative masculine plural; Function: attendant circumstance; Translation: offering; Notes: Describes concurrent action.
  18. hodie — Lemma: hodie; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: temporal; Translation: today; Notes: Specifies the moment.
  19. enim — Lemma: enim; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: causal connector; Translation: for; Notes: Introduces the reason.
  20. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular second declension; Function: subject; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  21. apparebit — Lemma: appareo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of final clause; Translation: will appear; Notes: Theophanic promise.
  22. vobis — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative plural; Function: indirect object; Translation: to you; Notes: Addressed to Israel.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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