Leviticus 8:12

Posted on April 8, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 8:12 Quod fundens super caput Aaron, unxit eum, et consecravit:

Which pouring upon the head of Aaron, he anointed him, and consecrated him;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quod which ACC.SG.N.REL
2 fundens pouring PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M
3 super upon PREP+ACC
4 caput head ACC.SG.N
5 Aaron Aaron GEN.SG.M
6 unxit anointed 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
7 eum him ACC.SG.M.PERS
8 et and CONJ
9 consecravit consecrated 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND

Syntax

Relative Continuation: Quod — refers back to the anointing oil mentioned previously
Participial Action: fundens super caput Aaron — describes the manner of application
Main Verbs: unxit and consecravit — two coordinated acts completing the rite
Direct Object: eum — Aaron as the recipient of anointing and consecration

Morphology

  1. Quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: direct object referring back to the oil; Translation: which; Notes: Neuter agreement matches the implicit antecedent oleum.
  2. fundens — Lemma: fundo; Part of Speech: verb (participle); Form: present active participle nominative masculine singular; Function: circumstantial participle modifying the implied subject; Translation: pouring; Notes: Expresses the physical action accompanying the anointing.
  3. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: indicates position above; Translation: upon; Notes: Describes downward application.
  4. caput — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular third declension; Function: object of super; Translation: head; Notes: Marks the locus of consecration.
  5. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: genitive modifier of caput; Translation: of Aaron; Notes: Identifies the priest being consecrated.
  6. unxit — Lemma: ungo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: anointed; Notes: Core ritual action using sacred oil.
  7. eum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: direct object of unxit; Translation: him; Notes: Refers to Aaron.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates verbs; Translation: and; Notes: Links the anointing with the act of consecration.
  9. consecravit — Lemma: consecro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: coordinated main verb; Translation: consecrated; Notes: Declares Aaron formally set apart for sacred service.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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