Author Archives: Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.

Exodus 20:21

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:21 Stetitque populus de longe. Moyses autem accessit ad caliginem in qua erat Deus. And the people stood from afar. But Moyses approached the darkness in which God was. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Stetitque and stood 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND … Continue reading →

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Exodus 20:20

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:20 Et ait Moyses ad populum: Nolite timere: ut enim probaret vos venit Deus, et ut terror illius esset in vobis, et non peccaretis. And Moyses said to the people: “Do not fear, for God has come to test … Continue reading →

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Exodus 20:19

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:19 dicentes Moysi: Loquere tu nobis, et audiemus: non loquatur nobis Dominus, ne forte moriamur. saying to Moyses: “Speak to us yourself, and we will hear; let not the LORD speak to us, lest perhaps we die.” # Latin … Continue reading →

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Exodus 20:18

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:18 Cunctus autem populus videbat voces et lampades, et sonitum buccinæ, montemque fumantem: et perterriti ac pavore concussi, steterunt procul, And all the people saw the voices and the torches, and the sound of the trumpet, and the mountain … Continue reading →

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Exodus 20:17

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:17 Non concupisces domum proximi tui: nec desiderabis uxorem eius, non servum, non ancillam, non bovem, non asinum, nec omnia quæ illius sunt. You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; nor shall you desire his wife, nor his servant, … Continue reading →

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Exodus 20:16

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:16 Non loqueris contra proximum tuum falsum testimonium. You shall not speak false testimony against your neighbor. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Non not ADV INDECL 2 loqueris you shall speak 2SG.FUT.DEP.IND 3 contra against PREP+ACC 4 proximum … Continue reading →

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Exodus 20:15

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:15 Non furtum facies. You shall not steal. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Non not ADV INDECL 2 furtum theft ACC.SG.N 2ND DECL 3 facies you shall do 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND Syntax Main clause: Non furtum facies — a complete … Continue reading →

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Exodus 20:14

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:14 Non mœchaberis. You shall not commit adultery. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Non not ADV INDECL 2 mœchaberis you shall commit adultery 2SG.FUT.PASS.IND Syntax Main clause: Non mœchaberis — a complete negative prohibition. Verb: mœchaberis is future … Continue reading →

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Exodus 20:13

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:13 Non occides. You shall not kill. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Non not ADV INDECL 2 occides you shall kill 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND Syntax Main clause: Non occides — a complete independent clause. Verb: occides is future active indicative … Continue reading →

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Exodus 20:12

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:12 Honora patrem tuum et matrem tuam, ut sis longævus super terram, quam Dominus Deus tuus dabit tibi. Honor your father and your mother, so that you may be long-lived upon the land which the LORD your God will … Continue reading →

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