Exodus 16:22

Posted on March 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 16:22 In die autem sexta collegerunt cibos duplices, id est, duo gomor per singulos homines: venerunt autem omnes principes multitudinis, et narraverunt Moysi.

But on the sixth day they gathered double food, that is, two gomor for each man, and all the leaders of the multitude came and reported to Moyses.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 In on PREP+ABL
2 die day ABL.SG.M
3 autem however CONJ
4 sexta sixth ABL.SG.F
5 collegerunt they gathered 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
6 cibos foods ACC.PL.M
7 duplices double ACC.PL.M
8 id this NOM.SG.N (DEM)
9 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
10 duo two ACC.PL.N
11 gomor gomor ACC.SG.N (INDECL)
12 per for PREP+ACC
13 singulos each ACC.PL.M (INDEF)
14 homines men ACC.PL.M
15 venerunt they came 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
16 autem however CONJ
17 omnes all NOM.PL.M
18 principes leaders NOM.PL.M
19 multitudinis of the multitude GEN.SG.F
20 et and CONJ
21 narraverunt they reported 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
22 Moysi to Moses DAT.SG.M

Syntax

Temporal Phrase: In die autem sexta — “on the sixth day.”
Main Clause: collegerunt cibos duplices — subject implied “they,” object cibos duplices.
Explanation Phrase: id est duo gomor per singulos homines — clarifies the quantity gathered.
Second Main Clause: venerunt autem omnes principes multitudinis — leaders approach Moses.
Final Clause: et narraverunt Moysi — action directed to Moses (dative).

Morphology

  1. In — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: temporal marker; Translation: “on”; Notes: introduces time phrase.
  2. die — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “day”; Notes: specific day of week.
  3. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: postpositive; Function: soft contrast; Translation: “however”; Notes: cannot stand first in clause.
  4. sexta — Lemma: sextus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: agrees with die; Translation: “sixth”; Notes: ordinal.
  5. collegerunt — Lemma: colligo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd plural; Function: main verb; Translation: “they gathered”; Notes: completed action.
  6. cibos — Lemma: cibus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “foods”; Notes: refers to manna.
  7. duplices — Lemma: duplex; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies cibos; Translation: “double”; Notes: expresses the Sabbath double portion.
  8. id — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun (demonstrative); Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of est; Translation: “that/this”; Notes: anticipates explanation.
  9. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: copula; Translation: “is”; Notes: simple definition marker.
  10. duo — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: quantifier of gomor; Translation: “two”; Notes: neuter form required.
  11. gomor — Lemma: gomor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: indeclinable (accusative singular neuter); Function: measure word; Translation: “gomor”; Notes: Hebrew loanword, always INDECL.
  12. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: distributive sense; Translation: “for each”; Notes: common distributive marker.
  13. singulos — Lemma: singuli; Part of Speech: pronoun (indefinite distributive); Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies homines; Translation: “each”; Notes: stresses individual portion.
  14. homines — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of per; Translation: “men”; Notes: refers to Israelites.
  15. venerunt — Lemma: venio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd plural; Function: main verb; Translation: “they came”; Notes: leaders approaching Moses.
  16. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: postpositive; Function: mild contrast; Translation: “however”; Notes: emphasizes change of actors.
  17. omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies principes; Translation: “all”; Notes: collective emphasis.
  18. principes — Lemma: princeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “leaders”; Notes: tribal heads.
  19. multitudinis — Lemma: multitudo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: “of the multitude”; Notes: identifies group represented.
  20. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links verbs; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple connective.
  21. narraverunt — Lemma: narro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd plural; Function: main verb; Translation: “they reported”; Notes: formal communication.
  22. Moysi — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to Moses”; Notes: recipient of report.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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