Exodus 24:3

Posted on March 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 24:3 Venit ergo Moyses et narravit plebi omnia verba Domini, atque iudicia: responditque omnis populus una voce: Omnia verba Domini, quæ locutus est, faciemus.

Therefore Moyses came and reported to the people all the words of the LORD and the judgments; and all the people answered with one voice: “All the words of the LORD which He has spoken, we will do.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Venit he came 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 ergo therefore ADV
3 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M NOUN
4 et and CONJ
5 narravit he reported 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
6 plebi to the people DAT.SG.F 3RD DECL
7 omnia all ACC.PL.N ADJ
8 verba words ACC.PL.N 2ND DECL
9 Domini of the LORD GEN.SG.M 2ND DECL
10 atque and also CONJ
11 iudicia judgments ACC.PL.N 3RD DECL
12 responditque and answered 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND + CONJ
13 omnis all NOM.SG.M ADJ
14 populus the people NOM.SG.M 2ND DECL
15 una with one ABL.SG.F ADJ
16 voce voice ABL.SG.F 3RD DECL
17 Omnia all ACC.PL.N ADJ
18 verba words ACC.PL.N 2ND DECL
19 Domini of the LORD GEN.SG.M 2ND DECL
20 quæ which REL PRON NOM.PL.N
21 locutus spoken NOM.SG.M PTCP.PERF.PASS
22 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
23 faciemus we will do 1PL.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Narrative Sequence:
Venit ergo Moyses — “Therefore Moses came.”
• Venit = perfect indicative, narrative.
• Moyses = subject.

Reporting Clause:
et narravit plebi omnia verba Domini atque iudicia
• narravit = he reported.
• plebi = indirect object.
• omnia verba Domini atque iudicia = compound direct object.

People’s Response:
responditque omnis populus una voce
• responditque = “and answered.”
• omnis populus = subject.
• una voce = ablative of manner.

Quoted Commitment:
Omnia verba Domini, quæ locutus est, faciemus
• faciemus = main future action.
• quæ locutus est = relative clause modifying *verba*.
• Domini = possessive genitive.

Morphology

  1. Venit — Lemma: venio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: main narrative verb; Translation: he came; Notes: perfective past event.
  2. ergo — Lemma: ergo; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: logical connector; Translation: therefore; Notes: marks consequence.
  3. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: Moses; Notes: leading figure.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins verbs; Translation: and; Notes: simple coordination.
  5. narravit — Lemma: narro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: narrative verb; Translation: he reported; Notes: recounting divine words.
  6. plebi — Lemma: plebs; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular feminine, third declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the people; Notes: assembled Israel.
  7. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies verba; Translation: all; Notes: totality.
  8. verba — Lemma: verbum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: words; Notes: divine speech.
  9. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: of the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  10. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connective intensifier; Translation: and also; Notes: stronger than et.
  11. iudicia — Lemma: iudicium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: judgments; Notes: divine legal decisions.
  12. responditque — Lemma: respondeo + -que; Part of Speech: verb + enclitic; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: narrative continuation; Translation: and answered; Notes: -que attaches to verb.
  13. omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies populus; Translation: all; Notes: collective unity.
  14. populus — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: the people; Notes: entire assembly.
  15. una — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies voce; Translation: with one; Notes: ablative of manner.
  16. voce — Lemma: vox; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of manner; Translation: voice; Notes: indicates unanimity.
  17. Omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of faciemus; Translation: all; Notes: repetition for emphasis.
  18. verba — Lemma: verbum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: words; Notes: divine commandments.
  19. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possesses verba; Translation: of the LORD; Notes: YHWH.
  20. quæ — Lemma: qui, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject of locutus est; Translation: which; Notes: refers to verba.
  21. locutus — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: verb (deponent participle); Form: perfect participle, nominative singular masculine; Function: with est forms perfect passive meaning; Translation: spoken; Notes: deponent meaning active.
  22. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present indicative, third singular; Function: auxiliary; Translation: is; Notes: forms perfect sense with locutus.
  23. faciemus — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative, first person plural; Function: main verb of vow; Translation: we will do; Notes: expresses covenant obedience.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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