Exodus 26:17

Posted on March 17, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 26:17 In lateribus tabulæ, duæ incastraturæ fient, quibus tabula alteri tabulæ connectatur: atque in hunc modum cunctæ tabulæ parabuntur.

On the sides of each board, two tenons shall be made, by which one board is joined to another; and in this manner all the boards shall be prepared.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 In in/on PREP+ABL
2 lateribus sides ABL.PL.N, NOUN, 3RD DECL
3 tabulæ of the board GEN.SG.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
4 duæ two NOM.PL.F, NUM.ADJ
5 incastraturæ tenons/mortises NOM.PL.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
6 fient shall be made 3PL.FUT.PASS.IND, IRREG (fio)
7 quibus by which ABL.PL.F, PRON.REL
8 tabula a board NOM.SG.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
9 alteri to another DAT.SG.F, ADJ/PRON
10 tabulæ to the board DAT.SG.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
11 connectatur is joined 3SG.PRES.PASS.SUBJ, 1ST CONJ
12 atque and so/and CONJ, INDECL
13 in in PREP+ABL
14 hunc this ACC.SG.M, PRON.DEM
15 modum manner ACC.SG.M, NOUN, 4TH DECL (used as 2ND)
16 cunctæ all NOM.PL.F, ADJ/PRON
17 tabulæ boards NOM.PL.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
18 parabuntur shall be prepared 3PL.FUT.PASS.IND, 1ST CONJ

Syntax

Prepositional phrase:
• In lateribus tabulæ — “on the sides of the board”
— ablative of location

Main clause 1:
• duæ incastraturæ fient — “two tenons shall be made”
— duæ incastraturæ = subject
— fient = future passive (“shall be made”)

Relative clause:
• quibus tabula alteri tabulæ connectatur — “by which one board is joined to another”
— quibus = ablative of means
— connectatur = present subjunctive passive for general/characteristic action

Main clause 2:
• atque in hunc modum cunctæ tabulæ parabuntur — “and in this manner all the boards shall be prepared”

Morphology

  1. In — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locational phrase; Translation: in/on; Notes: spatial usage.
  2. lateribus — Lemma: latus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: sides; Notes: structural term.
  3. tabulæ — Lemma: tabula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: possessive; Translation: of the board; Notes: identifies which sides.
  4. duæ — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject; Translation: two; Notes: matches feminine plural noun.
  5. incastraturæ — Lemma: incastratura; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject of fient; Translation: tenons; Notes: technical carpentry term.
  6. fient — Lemma: fio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future passive indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: shall be made; Notes: passive form of *fio* replaces *facio* passive.
  7. quibus — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: by which; Notes: refers to the pair of tenons.
  8. tabula — Lemma: tabula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of connectatur; Translation: a board; Notes: the board being joined.
  9. alteri — Lemma: alter; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: dative singular feminine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to another; Notes: contrasts one board with another.
  10. tabulæ — Lemma: tabula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular feminine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the board; Notes: clarifies the recipient of the connection.
  11. connectatur — Lemma: connecto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present passive subjunctive; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: is joined; Notes: subjunctive for characteristic action.
  12. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects concluding statement; Translation: and; Notes: stronger than *et*.
  13. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces method; Translation: in; Notes: idiomatic with modum.
  14. hunc — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies modum; Translation: this; Notes: points to preceding procedure.
  15. modum — Lemma: modus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: manner; Notes: method or pattern reference.
  16. cunctæ — Lemma: cunctus; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject of parabuntur; Translation: all; Notes: totality emphasised.
  17. tabulæ — Lemma: tabula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject; Translation: boards; Notes: completes the subject phrase.
  18. parabuntur — Lemma: paro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future passive indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: shall be prepared; Notes: final instruction for preparing all boards.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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