Numeri 10:10 (Numbers 10:10)

Posted on May 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 10:10 Si quando habebitis epulum, et dies festos, et calendas, canetis tubis super holocaustis, et pacificis victimis, ut sint vobis in recordationem Dei vestri. ego Dominus Deus vester.

If at any time you have a feast, and festival days, and new moons, you will sound the trumpets over the burnt offerings and the peace offerings, so that they may be for you as a remembrance of your God. I am the LORD your God.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Si if CONJ
2 quando whenever ADV
3 habebitis you will have 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
4 epulum feast ACC.SG.N
5 et and CONJ
6 dies days ACC.PL.M
7 festos festal ACC.PL.M
8 et and CONJ
9 calendas new moons ACC.PL.F
10 canetis you will sound 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
11 tubis with trumpets ABL.PL.F
12 super over PREP+ABL
13 holocaustis burnt offerings ABL.PL.N
14 et and CONJ
15 pacificis peace ABL.PL.F
16 victimis offerings ABL.PL.F
17 ut so that CONJ
18 sint they may be 3PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
19 vobis for you DAT.PL.2.PERS.PRON
20 in as PREP+ACC
21 recordationem remembrance ACC.SG.F
22 Dei of God GEN.SG.M
23 vestri your GEN.SG.M.POSS
24 ego I NOM.SG
25 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
26 Deus God NOM.SG.M
27 vester your NOM.SG.M.POSS

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Si quando habebitis epulum et dies festos et calendas — protasis indicating occasion (“if at any time you have…”).

Main Clause: (vos) (implied subject) + canetis (verb) + tubis (ablative of instrument).

Phrase: super holocaustis et pacificis victimis — prepositional phrase indicating ritual context.

Purpose Clause: ut sint vobis in recordationem Dei vestri — expresses intended result.

Final Clause: ego Dominus Deus vester — independent declarative clause identifying the speaker.

Morphology

  1. Si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces conditional clause; Translation: if; Notes: Establishes condition.
  2. quando — Lemma: quando; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies habebitis; Translation: whenever; Notes: Indicates general time.
  3. habebitis — Lemma: habeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second person plural; Function: verb of protasis; Translation: you will have; Notes: Refers to occurrence of events.
  4. epulum — Lemma: epulum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of habebitis; Translation: feast; Notes: Refers to sacrificial meal.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects objects; Translation: and; Notes: Links items in list.
  6. dies — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of habebitis; Translation: days; Notes: Refers to calendar observances.
  7. festos — Lemma: festus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies dies; Translation: festal; Notes: Specifies sacred days.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects objects; Translation: and; Notes: Continues list.
  9. calendas — Lemma: calendae; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of habebitis; Translation: new moons; Notes: Refers to beginnings of months.
  10. canetis — Lemma: cano; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: you will sound; Notes: Refers to trumpet blowing.
  11. tubis — Lemma: tuba; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: ablative of instrument; Translation: with trumpets; Notes: Instrument used.
  12. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces ritual context; Translation: over; Notes: Indicates relation to offerings.
  13. holocaustis — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: burnt offerings; Notes: Refers to offerings wholly burned.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects objects; Translation: and; Notes: Links offerings.
  15. pacificis — Lemma: pacificus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: modifies victimis; Translation: peace; Notes: Refers to peace offerings.
  16. victimis — Lemma: victima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: object of super; Translation: offerings; Notes: Sacrificial animals.
  17. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: so that; Notes: Indicates result.
  18. sint — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive third person plural; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: they may be; Notes: Subjunctive for purpose.
  19. vobis — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: dative plural second person; Function: indirect object; Translation: for you; Notes: Indicates benefit.
  20. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces purpose phrase; Translation: as; Notes: Indicates function.
  21. recordationem — Lemma: recordatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: remembrance; Notes: Indicates memorial function.
  22. Dei — Lemma: deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies recordationem; Translation: of God; Notes: Specifies object of remembrance.
  23. vestri — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies Dei; Translation: your; Notes: Indicates relationship.
  24. ego — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: nominative singular first person; Function: subject; Translation: I; Notes: Emphatic declaration.
  25. Dominus — Lemma: dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  26. Deus — Lemma: deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: apposition; Translation: God; Notes: Clarifies identity.
  27. vester — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies Deus; Translation: your; Notes: Indicates covenant relationship.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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