Exodus 29:36

Posted on March 20, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 29:36 et vitulum pro peccato offeres per singulos dies ad expiandum. Mundabisque altare cum immolaveris expiationis hostiam, et unges illud in sanctificationem.

and the calf for sin you shall offer each day for atonement. And you shall cleanse the altar when you have immolated the victim of atonement, and you shall anoint it for sanctification.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ INDECL
2 vitulum calf ACC.SG.M NOUN 2ND DECL
3 pro for PREP+ABL INDECL
4 peccato sin ABL.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL
5 offeres you shall offer 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
6 per through / each PREP+ACC INDECL
7 singulos each ACC.PL.M ADJ POS
8 dies days ACC.PL.M NOUN 5TH DECL
9 ad for / toward PREP+ACC INDECL
10 expiandum to atone ACC.SG.N GERUNDV
11 Mundabisque and you shall cleanse 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ
12 altare altar ACC.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL
13 cum when CONJ INDECL
14 immolaveris you shall have immolated 2SG.FUTP.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ
15 expiationis of atonement GEN.SG.F NOUN 3RD DECL
16 hostiam victim ACC.SG.F NOUN 1ST DECL
17 et and CONJ INDECL
18 unges you shall anoint 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
19 illud it ACC.SG.N PRON DEM
20 in for / into PREP+ACC INDECL
21 sanctificationem sanctification ACC.SG.F NOUN 3RD DECL

Syntax

Main Clause 1: vitulum … offeres — direct object vitulum pro peccato.
Adverbial Phrase: per singulos dies expresses daily repetition.
Purpose Phrase: ad expiandum indicates purpose of the offering.
Main Clause 2: Mundabisque altare — cleansing action applied to the altar.
Temporal Clause: cum immolaveris expiationis hostiam — future perfect expresses completed action before cleansing.
Main Clause 3: et unges illud in sanctificationem — anointing marks the altar as holy.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: joins sacrificial instructions.
  2. vitulum — Lemma: vitulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, second declension; Function: direct object of offeres; Translation: calf; Notes: refers to sin offering calf.
  3. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses purpose/substitution; Translation: for; Notes: standard sacrificial prepositional usage.
  4. peccato — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of pro; Translation: sin; Notes: refers to sin-offering context.
  5. offeres — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall offer; Notes: describes priestly ritual act.
  6. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: distributive sense; Translation: through / each; Notes: indicates regular repetition.
  7. singulos — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies dies; Translation: each; Notes: distributive numeral adjective.
  8. dies — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of per; Translation: days; Notes: denotes daily repetition.
  9. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates purpose; Translation: for; Notes: introduces gerundive of purpose.
  10. expiandum — Lemma: expio; Part of Speech: gerundive; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: purpose construction with ad; Translation: to atone; Notes: expresses obligatory purpose.
  11. Mundabisque — Lemma: mundo; Part of Speech: verb with enclitic; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: main verb; Translation: and you shall cleanse; Notes: enclitic -que joins to prior sequence.
  12. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: altar; Notes: central cultic object.
  13. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: when; Notes: future perfect verb indicates prior action.
  14. immolaveris — Lemma: immolo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active indicative second singular; Function: verb in temporal clause; Translation: you shall have immolated; Notes: expresses completion before cleansing.
  15. expiationis — Lemma: expiatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies hostiam; Translation: of atonement; Notes: defines type of victim.
  16. hostiam — Lemma: hostia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of immolaveris; Translation: victim; Notes: refers to sacrificial offering.
  17. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates clauses; Translation: and; Notes: continues ritual sequence.
  18. unges — Lemma: ungo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall anoint; Notes: anointing conveys holiness.
  19. illud — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the altar.
  20. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses result/purpose; Translation: for; Notes: introduces goal of anointing.
  21. sanctificationem — Lemma: sanctificatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: complement of in; Translation: sanctification; Notes: describes consecratory purpose.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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