Exodus 30:30

Posted on March 21, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 30:30 Aaron et filios eius unges, sanctificabisque eos, ut sacerdotio fungantur mihi.

Aaron and his sons you shall anoint, and you shall sanctify them, so that they may serve me in the priesthood.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Aaron Aaron ACC.SG.M NOUN INDECL
2 et and CONJ INDECL
3 filios sons ACC.PL.M NOUN 2ND DECL
4 eius his GEN.SG.M PRON POSS
5 unges you shall anoint 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
6 sanctificabisque and you shall sanctify 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ + CONJ
7 eos them ACC.PL.M PRON PERS
8 ut so that CONJ SUBJ
9 sacerdotio in the priesthood ABL.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL
10 funganur* may serve 3PL.PRES.SUBJ.DEP 3RD CONJ
11 mihi for me DAT.SG.1ST.PERS PRON

Syntax

Coordinated Direct Objects: Aaron et filios eius — those to be anointed.
Main Verbs: unges, sanctificabisque — sequential consecration actions.
Purpose Clause: ut sacerdotio fungantur mihi — “so that they may serve me in the priesthood.”
Deponent Verb: fungantur — takes ablative (sacerdotio) to express sphere of service.

Morphology

  1. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of unges; Translation: Aaron; Notes: indeclinable proper name.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins objects; Translation: and; Notes: coordinates Aaron and his sons.
  3. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: sons; Notes: refers to Aaron’s sons designated for priesthood.
  4. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: modifies filios; Translation: his; Notes: refers back to Aaron.
  5. unges — Lemma: ungo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall anoint; Notes: obligatory ritual action.
  6. sanctificabisque — Lemma: sanctifico + que; Part of Speech: verb + enclitic conjunction; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: second command; Translation: and you shall sanctify; Notes: consecration step following anointing.
  7. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of sanctificabis; Translation: them; Notes: refers to Aaron and his sons.
  8. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: introduces subjunctive clause; Function: marks purpose; Translation: so that; Notes: introduces priestly purpose clause.
  9. sacerdotio — Lemma: sacerdotium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of respect with fungantur; Translation: in the priesthood; Notes: sphere of priestly activity.
  10. fungantur — Lemma: fungor; Part of Speech: verb (deponent); Form: present subjunctive third plural deponent; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: may serve; Notes: deponent governing ablative.
  11. mihi — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: for me; Notes: expresses service to the LORD.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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