Exodus 30:4

Posted on March 21, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

4 et duos annulos aureos sub corona per singula latera, ut mittantur in eos vectes, et altare portetur.

and two golden rings under the crown on each side, so that bars may be put into them, and the altar may be carried.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ INDECL
2 duos two ACC.PL.M ADJ NUM
3 annulos rings ACC.PL.M NOUN 2ND DECL
4 aureos golden ACC.PL.M ADJ POS
5 sub under PREP+ABL INDECL
6 corona the crown ABL.SG.F NOUN 1ST DECL
7 per on / through PREP+ACC INDECL
8 singula each ACC.PL.N ADJ INDEF
9 latera sides ACC.PL.N NOUN 3RD DECL
10 ut so that CONJ INDECL
11 mittantur may be put 3PL.PRES.SUBJ.PASS 3RD CONJ
12 in into PREP+ACC INDECL
13 eos them ACC.PL.M PRON PERS
14 vectes bars NOM.PL.M NOUN 3RD DECL
15 et and CONJ INDECL
16 altare the altar NOM.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL
17 portetur may be carried 3SG.PRES.SUBJ.PASS 1ST CONJ

Syntax

Main Construction: duos annulos aureos sub corona … per singula latera — describes where the rings are positioned.
Purpose Clause: ut mittantur in eos vectes — indicates the function of the rings: to receive the carrying-bars.
Consecutive Purpose: et altare portetur — expresses the ultimate purpose: that the altar may be transported.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces additional construction detail; Translation: and; Notes: coordinates instructions.
  2. duos — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies annulos; Translation: two; Notes: specifies number of rings.
  3. annulos — Lemma: annulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: rings; Notes: structural components for carrying bars.
  4. aureos — Lemma: aureus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies annulos; Translation: golden; Notes: describes material covering.
  5. sub — Lemma: sub; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses placement beneath crown; Translation: under; Notes: spatial relation indicator.
  6. corona — Lemma: corona; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of sub; Translation: the crown; Notes: the golden rim surrounding the altar.
  7. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates distribution or location; Translation: on / through; Notes: implies each side receives a ring.
  8. singula — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: adjective (distributive); Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies latera; Translation: each; Notes: distributive emphasis.
  9. latera — Lemma: latus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of per; Translation: sides; Notes: refers to altar panels.
  10. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: so that; Notes: standard telic clause.
  11. mittantur — Lemma: mitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive subjunctive third plural; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: may be put; Notes: passive construction indicates bars being inserted.
  12. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses motion into; Translation: into; Notes: directional preposition.
  13. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: them; Notes: refers to the rings.
  14. vectes — Lemma: vectis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of implied verb in purpose; Translation: bars; Notes: carrying rods.
  15. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins second purpose; Translation: and; Notes: coordinates results.
  16. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of portetur; Translation: the altar; Notes: object to be transported.
  17. portetur — Lemma: porto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive subjunctive third singular; Function: purpose/result clause; Translation: may be carried; Notes: expresses intended mobility.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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