Exodus 31:3

Posted on March 22, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 31:3 et implevi spiritu Dei, sapientia, et intelligentia, et scientia in omni opere,

and I have filled him with the spirit of God, with wisdom, and with understanding, and with knowledge in every work,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ INDECL
2 implevi I have filled 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND 4TH CONJ
3 spiritu with the Spirit ABL.SG.M NOUN 4TH DECL
4 Dei of God GEN.SG.M NOUN 2ND DECL
5 sapientia with wisdom ABL.SG.F NOUN 1ST DECL
6 et and CONJ INDECL
7 intelligentia with understanding ABL.SG.F NOUN 1ST DECL
8 et and CONJ INDECL
9 scientia with knowledge ABL.SG.F NOUN 1ST DECL
10 in in PREP+ABL INDECL
11 omni every ABL.SG.N ADJ POS
12 opere work ABL.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL

Syntax

Main Verb: implevi — first-person divine assertion of empowerment.
Ablatives of Means/Instrument: spiritu Dei, sapientia, intelligentia, scientia — enumerated divine gifts.
Prepositional Phrase: in omni opere — sphere of skilled craftsmanship.
Coordinating Structure: sequential et … et … et marking accumulation of divine endowments.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: joins divine actions.
  2. implevi — Lemma: impleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative first singular; Function: main verb; Translation: I have filled; Notes: expresses completed divine empowerment.
  3. spiritu — Lemma: spiritus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with the Spirit; Notes: signifies divine empowerment.
  4. Dei — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies spiritu; Translation: of God; Notes: denotes divine origin.
  5. sapientia — Lemma: sapientia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with wisdom; Notes: essential endowment for sacred craftsmanship.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: links gift-terms.
  7. intelligentia — Lemma: intelligentia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with understanding; Notes: intellectual capacity for skilled design.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins final gift term; Translation: and; Notes: cumulative force.
  9. scientia — Lemma: scientia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with knowledge; Notes: experiential and technical skill.
  10. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses sphere; Translation: in; Notes: denotes domain of skill.
  11. omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: modifies opere; Translation: every; Notes: totality of craftsmanship.
  12. opere — Lemma: opus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: work; Notes: covers all artisan tasks.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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