Exodus 35:13

Posted on March 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 35:13 Mensam cum vectibus et vasis, et propositionis panibus:

the Table with the bars and the vessels, and the bread of the presence;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Mensam table ACC.SG.F 1ST DECL
2 cum with PREP+ABL
3 vectibus bars ABL.PL.M 2ND DECL
4 et and CONJ
5 vasis vessels ABL.PL.N 3RD DECL
6 et and CONJ
7 propositionis of the presence / presentation GEN.SG.F 3RD DECL
8 panibus breads ABL.PL.M 2ND DECL

Syntax

Accusative Object:
Mensam — the main item being listed among the sanctuary furnishings.

Prepositional Phrase:
cum vectibus et vasis — “with the bars and the vessels.”
Both nouns in the ablative depend on cum.

Genitive + Ablative Construction:
propositionis panibus — “the bread of the Presence.”
• propositionis modifies panibus
• Ablative because the phrase is attached to the inventory of items associated with the table.

Morphology

  1. Mensam — Lemma: mensa; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: table; Notes: refers to the Table of the Bread of the Presence.
  2. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces accompanying items; Translation: with; Notes: standard preposition of accompaniment.
  3. vectibus — Lemma: vextis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: complement of cum; Translation: bars; Notes: bars for carrying the table.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins coordinated ablatives; Translation: and; Notes: simple connector.
  5. vasis — Lemma: vas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: complement of cum; Translation: vessels; Notes: includes bowls, dishes, and utensils associated with the table.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces final item; Translation: and; Notes: continuation of list.
  7. propositionis — Lemma: propositio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies panibus; Translation: of the Presence; Notes: refers to the Bread of the Presence set before the LORD.
  8. panibus — Lemma: panis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: item associated with the table; Translation: breads; Notes: the twelve loaves placed weekly on the table.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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