Exodus 35:12

Posted on March 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 35:12 Arcam et vectes, propitiatorium, et velum, quod ante illud oppanditur:

the Ark and the bars, the mercy seat, and the veil which is stretched before it;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Arcam the Ark ACC.SG.F 1ST DECL
2 et and CONJ
3 vectes bars ACC.PL.M 3RD DECL
4 propitiatorium mercy seat ACC.SG.N 2ND DECL
5 et and CONJ
6 velum veil ACC.SG.N 2ND DECL
7 quod which NOM.SG.N PRON.REL
8 ante before PREP+ACC
9 illud it ACC.SG.N PRON.DEM
10 oppanditur is stretched 3SG.PRES.PASS.IND 3RD CONJ

Syntax

Accusative Object Series:
Arcam … vectes … propitiatorium … velum
All are components to be constructed or furnished for the sanctuary.

Relative Clause:
quod ante illud oppanditur — “which is stretched before it.”
• quod refers to velum.
• ante illud locates the veil before the Ark.
• oppanditur describes the action of draping/curtaining.

Morphology

  1. Arcam — Lemma: arca; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: the Ark; Notes: refers to the Ark of the Covenant.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links coordinated objects; Translation: and; Notes: simple connector.
  3. vectes — Lemma: vextis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: additional object; Translation: bars; Notes: bars used to carry the Ark.
  4. propitiatorium — Lemma: propitiatorium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object; Translation: mercy seat; Notes: the cover with cherubim atop the Ark.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins propitiatorium with velum; Translation: and; Notes: continues series.
  6. velum — Lemma: velum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object; Translation: veil; Notes: interior curtain separating Holy Place from Holy of Holies.
  7. quod — Lemma: quī, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to velum.
  8. ante — Lemma: ante; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses position; Translation: before; Notes: spatial indicator.
  9. illud — Lemma: ille, illa, illud; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of ante; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the Ark (arca).
  10. oppanditur — Lemma: oppandō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present passive indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: is stretched; Notes: describes the veil being hung or spread out.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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