Exodus 36:13

Posted on March 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

13 unde et quinquaginta fudit circulos aureos, qui morderent cortinarum ansas, et fieret unum tabernaculum.

from which he also cast fifty golden rings, which would bite the loops of the curtains, and one tabernacle might be made.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 unde whence / from which ADV.REL
2 et and CONJ
3 quinquaginta fifty INDECL.NUM
4 fudit he cast 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
5 circulos rings ACC.PL.M NOUN
6 aureos golden ACC.PL.M ADJ
7 qui which NOM.PL.M PRON.REL
8 morderent might bite 3PL.IMP.ACT.SUBJ
9 cortinarum of the curtains GEN.PL.F NOUN
10 ansas loops ACC.PL.F NOUN
11 et and CONJ
12 fieret might be made 3SG.IMP.PASS.SUBJ
13 unum one ACC.SG.N ADJ
14 tabernaculum tabernacle ACC.SG.N NOUN

Syntax

Main Clause:
unde et quinquaginta fudit circulos aureos — “from which he also cast fifty golden rings.”
• unde functions as a relative adverb referring back to prior fabrication.
• fudit = main verb.
• quinquaginta circulos aureos = quantified direct object.

Relative Clause:
qui morderent cortinarum ansas — “which would bite the loops of the curtains.”
• qui = subject of clause.
• morderent = imperfect subjunctive of purpose/function.
• cortinarum ansas = object (“loops of the curtains”).

Final Purpose Clause:
et fieret unum tabernaculum — “and one tabernacle might be made.”
• fieret = passive imperfect subjunctive expressing the intended result.
• unum tabernaculum = object complement expressing unity.

Morphology

  1. unde — Lemma: unde; Part of Speech: relative adverb; Form: invariable; Function: refers back to previously described construction; Translation: whence / from which; Notes: introduces reason or origin for subsequent action.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: coordinating conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects making of the rings to previous steps; Translation: and; Notes: simple additive link.
  3. quinquaginta — Lemma: quinquaginta; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: quantifies circulos; Translation: fifty; Notes: cardinal numeral.
  4. fudit — Lemma: fundo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he cast; Notes: describes metalworking.
  5. circulos — Lemma: circulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object of fudit; Translation: rings; Notes: connecting rings for curtains.
  6. aureos — Lemma: aureus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies circulos.; Translation: golden; Notes: indicates the material.
  7. qui — Lemma: qui, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of morderent; Translation: which; Notes: agrees with circulos.
  8. morderent — Lemma: mordeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural imperfect active subjunctive; Function: describes intended function of the rings; Translation: might bite; Notes: figurative “to grip, fasten.”
  9. cortinarum — Lemma: cortina; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural feminine; Function: modifies ansas; Translation: of the curtains; Notes: specifies ownership.
  10. ansas — Lemma: ansa; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of morderent; Translation: loops; Notes: part of the curtain fastening system.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: adds second purpose; Translation: and; Notes: joins two subjunctive clauses.
  12. fieret — Lemma: fio (from facio passive); Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular imperfect passive subjunctive; Function: expresses intended final result; Translation: might be made; Notes: deponent in form, passive in sense.
  13. unum — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies tabernaculum; Translation: one; Notes: emphasizes unity.
  14. tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object complement of fieret; Translation: tabernacle; Notes: the entire structure is unified by the fastening system.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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