Exodus 7:2

Posted on February 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 7:2 Tu loqueris ei omnia quæ mando tibi: et ille loquetur ad Pharaonem, ut dimittat filios Israel de terra sua.

You shall speak to him all the things that I command you, and he shall speak to Pharao, so that he may release the sons of Israel from his land.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Tu you NOM.SG.PRON
2 loqueris you will speak 2SG.FUT.DEP.IND
3 ei to him DAT.SG.PRON
4 omnia all things ACC.PL.N
5 quæ which ACC.PL.N.REL
6 mando I command 1SG.PRES.ACT.IND
7 tibi to you DAT.SG.PRON
8 et and CONJ
9 ille he NOM.SG.M.DEM
10 loquetur he will speak 3SG.FUT.DEP.IND
11 ad to PREP+ACC
12 Pharaonem Pharaoh ACC.SG.M (NAME)
13 ut so that CONJ.PURPOSE
14 dimittat may release 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
15 filios sons ACC.PL.M
16 Israel Israel GEN.SG.M (NAME)
17 de from PREP+ABL
18 terra land ABL.SG.F
19 sua his ABL.SG.F.POSS

Syntax

Main clause:
Tu loqueris ei omnia quæ mando tibi —
Tu (subject) + loqueris (future deponent verb) + ei (indirect object) + omnia (object) + quæ mando tibi (relative clause giving content).

quæ mando tibi —
mando (verb) + tibi (indirect object).

et ille loquetur ad Pharaonem —
ille (subject) + loquetur (verb) + ad Pharaonem (indirect object).

ut dimittat filios Israel de terra sua —
dimittat (subjunctive verb expressing purpose) + filios Israel (object) + de terra sua (source phrase).

Morphology

  1. Tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: subject; Translation: you; Notes: emphatic subject.
  2. loqueris — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: second person singular future indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: you will speak; Notes: deponent form with active meaning.
  3. ei — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: to him; Notes: refers to Aaron.
  4. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object; Translation: all things; Notes: neuter plural often denotes abstract totality.
  5. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: agrees with omnia.
  6. mando — Lemma: mando; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular present active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: I command; Notes: indicates divine instructions.
  7. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: to you; Notes: Moses is the recipient of the commands.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: joins second instruction.
  9. ille — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: he; Notes: refers to Aaron as spokesman.
  10. loquetur — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: third person singular future indicative; Function: main verb of second clause; Translation: he will speak; Notes: corresponds to Moses’ speaking role.
  11. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces recipient; Translation: to; Notes: standard with verbs of speech.
  12. Pharaonem — Lemma: Pharao; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: Pharaoh; Notes: recipient of Aaron’s speech.
  13. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: introduces subjunctive purpose clause; Function: expresses intention; Translation: so that; Notes: classical purpose usage.
  14. dimittat — Lemma: dimitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active subjunctive; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: may release; Notes: subjunctive required by ut.
  15. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object; Translation: sons; Notes: literal descendants.
  16. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: of Israel; Notes: identifies the covenant people.
  17. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: marks origin; Translation: from; Notes: denotes removal from jurisdiction.
  18. terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: land; Notes: geographic domain of Pharaoh.
  19. sua — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies terra; Translation: his; Notes: refers to Pharaoh’s territory.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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