Exodus 8:25

Posted on February 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 8:25 Vocavitque Pharao Moysen et Aaron, et ait eis: Ite et sacrificate Deo vestro in terra hac.

And Pharao called Moyses and Aaron, and said to them: “Go and sacrifice to your God in this land.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Vocavitque and called 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND + ENCLITIC
2 Pharao Pharao NOM.SG.M
3 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M
4 et and CONJ
5 Aaron Aaron ACC.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 ait said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
8 eis to them DAT.PL.M/F
9 Ite go 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP
10 et and CONJ
11 sacrificate sacrifice 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP
12 Deo to God DAT.SG.M
13 vestro your ABL.SG.M / DAT.SG.M (ADJ)
14 in in PREP+ABL
15 terra land ABL.SG.F
16 hac this ABL.SG.F (DEM)

Syntax

Main Clause:
Pharao — Subject
Vocavitque — Finite verb (“and called”)
Moysen, Aaron — Direct objects

Secondary Clause (“and said to them”):
ait — Verb
eis — Indirect object

Imperative Clause:
Ite — Main imperative
sacrificate — Imperative coordinated by et

Prepositional Phrase:
in terra hac — Locative phrase; indicates place of sacrifice

Morphology

  1. Vocavitque — Lemma: voco; Part of Speech: verb + enclitic; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular + enclitic -que; Function: main verb of the clause; Translation: “and called”; Notes: -que joins this action to the previous narrative flow.
  2. Pharao — Lemma: Pharao; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of “vocavit”; Translation: “Pharao”; Notes: Name retained in Latinized form.
  3. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: Direct object of “vocavit.”
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: Connects two direct objects.
  5. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “Aaron”; Notes: Parallel to “Moysen.”
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: joins clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: Introduces a new clause with “ait.”
  7. ait — Lemma: aio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular; Function: verb of speaking; Translation: “said”; Notes: A historical present-equivalent verb often used in narrative.
  8. eis — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative plural; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers back to Moysen and Aaron.
  9. Ite — Lemma: eo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active imperative 2nd plural; Function: command; Translation: “go”; Notes: First of two coordinated imperatives.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: joins imperatives; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links “Ite” and “sacrificate.”
  11. sacrificate — Lemma: sacrifico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active imperative 2nd plural; Function: command; Translation: “sacrifice”; Notes: Parallel imperative to “Ite.”
  12. Deo — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to God”; Notes: Indicates recipient of sacrifice.
  13. vestro — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: dative/ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies “Deo”; Translation: “your”; Notes: Possessive referring to Moyses and Aaron.
  14. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces locative phrase; Translation: “in”; Notes: Indicates place where sacrifice is to occur.
  15. terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of the preposition; Translation: “land”; Notes: Required ablative after “in.”
  16. hac — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun/adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifier of “terra”; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the land in question.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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