Genesis 27:10

Posted on January 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 27:10 quas cum intuleris, et comederit, benedicat tibi priusquam moriatur.

which when you have brought in, and he has eaten, may he bless you before he dies.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 quas which ACC.PL.F.REL.PRON
2 cum when CONJ
3 intuleris you have brought in 2SG.FUT.PERF.ACT.IND
4 et and CONJ
5 comederit he has eaten 3SG.FUT.PERF.ACT.IND
6 benedicat may he bless 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
7 tibi you DAT.SG.2ND.PRON
8 priusquam before CONJ
9 moriatur he dies 3SG.PRES.DEP.SUBJ

Syntax

Relative Clause: quas cum intuleris — “which when you have brought in.” The relative pronoun quas connects to the previous “escas,” introducing a temporal subordinate clause dependent on cum.
Compound Temporal Sequence: cum intuleris, et comederit — A sequence of two future perfect verbs marking actions completed before the main clause (“may he bless you”).
Main Clause: benedicat tibi — Subjunctive expressing a wish or purpose: “may he bless you.”
Temporal Subclause: priusquam moriatur — “before he dies.” The subjunctive reflects a potential or anticipated event.

Morphology

  1. quas — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: refers back to “escas”; Translation: “which”; Notes: Connects the subordinate clause to the antecedent food items prepared by Rebecca.
  2. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: “when”; Notes: Marks a condition fulfilled prior to the blessing.
  3. intuleris — Lemma: infero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect indicative active 2nd person singular; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: “you have brought in”; Notes: Indicates completion of Jacob’s act of presenting the meal before Isaac eats.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: connects sequential actions; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links two actions (bringing and eating) in temporal order.
  5. comederit — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect indicative active 3rd person singular; Function: verb of second temporal clause; Translation: “he has eaten”; Notes: Refers to Isaac’s completion of the meal before pronouncing the blessing.
  6. benedicat — Lemma: benedico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present subjunctive active 3rd person singular; Function: main verb expressing wish or purpose; Translation: “may he bless”; Notes: Subjunctive used for potential action or expressed desire.
  7. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: “you”; Notes: Indicates Jacob as recipient of the blessing.
  8. priusquam — Lemma: priusquam; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: “before”; Notes: Sets a temporal limit to the action of blessing.
  9. moriatur — Lemma: morior; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: present subjunctive deponent 3rd person singular; Function: verb of subordinate clause; Translation: “he dies”; Notes: Subjunctive indicates anticipated or prospective event—Isaac’s approaching death.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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