Genesis 34:26

Posted on February 3, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 34:26 Hemor et Sichem pariter necaverunt, tollentes Dinam de domo Sichem sororem suam.

They killed both Hemor and Sichem together, taking Dina their sister out of the house of Sichem.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Hemor Hamor NOUN.ACC.SG.M (PROP)
2 et and CONJ
3 Sichem Shechem NOUN.ACC.SG.M (PROP)
4 pariter together ADV
5 necaverunt they killed 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
6 tollentes taking PRES.ACT.PTCP.NOM.PL.M
7 Dinam Dinah NOUN.ACC.SG.F (PROP)
8 de from PREP+ABL
9 domo house NOUN.ABL.SG.F
10 Sichem of Shechem NOUN.GEN.SG.M (PROP)
11 sororem sister NOUN.ACC.SG.F
12 suam their ADJ.ACC.SG.F.REFL

Syntax

Main Clause: Hemor et Sichem pariter necaverunt — subject implied (“they”), direct objects Hemor and Sichem, adverb pariter (“together”) modifying the verb.
Participial Phrase: tollentes Dinam de domo Sichem sororem suam — circumstantial participle describing accompanying action (“taking Dinah, their sister, from Shechem’s house”).
The sentence narrates a twofold action: killing Hamor and Shechem, and rescuing Dinah.

Morphology

  1. Hemor — Lemma: Hemor; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Accusative singular masculine; Function: Direct object of necaverunt; Translation: “Hamor”; Notes: Canaanite prince and father of Shechem.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: N/A; Function: Connects direct objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: Joins Hamor and Shechem as joint victims.
  3. Sichem — Lemma: Sichem; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Accusative singular masculine; Function: Direct object; Translation: “Shechem”; Notes: Son of Hamor who defiled Dinah.
  4. pariter — Lemma: pariter; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: N/A; Function: Modifies necaverunt; Translation: “together”; Notes: Indicates simultaneity of action.
  5. necaverunt — Lemma: neco; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Perfect indicative active, 3rd person plural; Function: Main verb; Translation: “they killed”; Notes: Completed action marking execution of vengeance.
  6. tollentes — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: Participle; Form: Present active participle, nominative plural masculine; Function: Circumstantial participle; Translation: “taking”; Notes: Denotes concurrent action with necaverunt.
  7. Dinam — Lemma: Dina; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Accusative singular feminine; Function: Direct object of tollentes; Translation: “Dinah”; Notes: The rescued sister of Simeon and Levi.
  8. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governs ablative; Function: Introduces prepositional phrase; Translation: “from”; Notes: Expresses source or origin.
  9. domo — Lemma: domus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative singular feminine; Function: Object of de; Translation: “house”; Notes: Indicates the place from which Dinah was taken.
  10. Sichem — Lemma: Sichem; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Genitive singular masculine; Function: Possessive genitive; Translation: “of Shechem”; Notes: Specifies ownership of the house.
  11. sororem — Lemma: soror; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative singular feminine; Function: Apposition to Dinam; Translation: “sister”; Notes: Identifies familial relationship.
  12. suam — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: Adjective (reflexive possessive); Form: Accusative singular feminine; Function: Modifies sororem; Translation: “their”; Notes: Reflects that Dinah is their own sister (Simeon and Levi’s).

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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