Genesis 8:16

Posted on January 8, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

16 Egredere de arca, tu et uxor tua, filii tui et uxores filiorum tuorum tecum.

Go out of the ark, you and your wife, your sons and your sons’ wives with you.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Egredere go out VERB.2SG.PRES.IMPER.MID (DEP)
2 de from / out of PREP+ABL
3 arca ark NOUN.ABL.SG.F
4 tu you PRON.NOM.SG.M
5 et and CONJ
6 uxor wife NOUN.NOM.SG.F
7 tua your ADJ.POSS.NOM.SG.F
8 filii sons NOUN.NOM.PL.M
9 tui your ADJ.POSS.NOM.PL.M
10 et and CONJ
11 uxores wives NOUN.NOM.PL.F
12 filiorum of the sons NOUN.GEN.PL.M
13 tuorum your ADJ.POSS.GEN.PL.M
14 tecum with you PREP.CUM+PRON.ABL.SG.M

Syntax

This verse is a divine imperative addressed directly to Noe.
The main verb Egredere (“go out”) is a 2nd person singular present imperative of the deponent verb egredior, conveying a direct command.
The prepositional phrase de arca indicates movement from within (“out of the ark”).
The nominatives tu, uxor tua, filii tui, and uxores filiorum tuorum serve as coordinated subjects, joined by et.
The closing phrase tecum (“with you”) adds an emphatic note of companionship, underlining collective salvation and divine inclusion.

Morphology

  1. Egredere — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: Verb (deponent); Form: 2nd person singular present imperative; Function: main verb of command; Translation: go out; Notes: deponent form with active meaning; divine instruction to leave the ark.
  2. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses motion from a place; Translation: from / out of; Notes: spatial preposition of separation.
  3. arca — Lemma: arca; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: ark; Notes: refers to Noe’s vessel of preservation.
  4. tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: Pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: explicit subject of Egredere; Translation: you; Notes: emphatic, underscoring divine address.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects coordinated nominatives; Translation: and; Notes: simple additive conjunction.
  6. uxor — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: wife; Notes: parallel with filii and uxores.
  7. tua — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: Adjective (possessive); Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: modifies uxor; Translation: your; Notes: denotes possessive relationship.
  8. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: sons; Notes: plural subject continuing family list.
  9. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: Adjective (possessive); Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies filii; Translation: your; Notes: denotes possession.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links final group in coordination; Translation: and; Notes: final connective in list.
  11. uxores — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: wives; Notes: parallels uxor tua earlier.
  12. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: of the sons; Notes: specifies whose wives.
  13. tuorum — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: Adjective (possessive); Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies filiorum; Translation: your; Notes: possessive harmony with filiorum.
  14. tecum — Lemma: cum + tu; Part of Speech: Preposition + Pronoun; Form: cum + ablative singular masculine; Function: comitative phrase; Translation: with you; Notes: enclitic prepositional phrase denoting companionship.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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