Genesis 9:29

Posted on January 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 9:29 Et impleti sunt omnes dies eius nongentorum quinquaginta annorum: et mortuus est.

And all the days of his life were completed, nine hundred and fifty years; and he died.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 impleti were completed PART.PERF.PASS.NOM.PL.M
3 sunt were 3PL.PERF.IND.ACT
4 omnes all ADJ.NOM.PL.M
5 dies days N.NOM.PL.M
6 eius his PRON.POSS.GEN.SG.M
7 nongentorum nine hundred NUM.GEN.PL.M
8 quinquaginta fifty NUM.INVAR
9 annorum of years N.GEN.PL.M
10 et and CONJ
11 mortuus died PART.PERF.PASS.NOM.SG.M
12 est was 3SG.PERF.IND.ACT

Syntax

Main Clause 1: Et impleti sunt omnes dies eius nongentorum quinquaginta annorum — describes the completion of Noah’s lifespan, “And all the days of his life were completed, nine hundred and fifty years.”
Main Clause 2: et mortuus est — closes the narrative, “and he died.”
Word Order: The participle impleti precedes sunt for emphasis, typical in perfect passive constructions. The numeric genitive phrase nongentorum quinquaginta annorum quantifies the total duration.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Invariable; Function: Connects this sentence to the preceding one; Translation: “and”; Notes: Marks narrative continuity.
  2. impleti — Lemma: impleo; Part of Speech: Participle (perfect passive); Form: Nominative plural masculine; Function: Predicate participle with sunt; Translation: “were completed”; Notes: Indicates fulfillment of lifespan.
  3. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Perfect indicative active 3rd person plural; Function: Auxiliary in perfect passive; Translation: “were”; Notes: Forms periphrastic perfect.
  4. omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Nominative plural masculine; Function: Modifies dies; Translation: “all.”
  5. dies — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Nominative plural masculine; Function: Subject of impleti sunt; Translation: “days.”
  6. eius — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: Possessive pronoun; Form: Genitive singular masculine; Function: Modifies dies; Translation: “his”; Notes: Refers to Noah.
  7. nongentorum — Lemma: nongenti; Part of Speech: Numeral adjective; Form: Genitive plural masculine; Function: Modifies annorum; Translation: “nine hundred”; Notes: Forms part of genitive of measure.
  8. quinquaginta — Lemma: quinquaginta; Part of Speech: Numeral adjective; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Completes number with nongentorum; Translation: “fifty.”
  9. annorum — Lemma: annus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive plural masculine; Function: Genitive of measure/time; Translation: “of years”; Notes: Indicates the total span of Noah’s life.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Invariable; Function: Joins final clause; Translation: “and.”
  11. mortuus — Lemma: morior; Part of Speech: Participle (perfect passive deponent in form, active in meaning); Form: Nominative singular masculine; Function: Predicate with est; Translation: “died”; Notes: Concludes the genealogy formula.
  12. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Perfect indicative active 3rd person singular; Function: Auxiliary with mortuus; Translation: “was” (in sense of “has died”); Notes: Finalizes the death notice.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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