Leviticus 10:6

Posted on April 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 10:6 Locutusque est Moyses ad Aaron, et ad Eleazar, et Ithamar filios eius: Capita vestra nolite nudare, et vestimenta nolite scindere, ne forte moriamini, et super omnem cœtum oriatur indignatio. Fratres vestri, et omnis domus Israel plangant incendium quod Dominus suscitavit:

And Moyses spoke to Aaron, and to Eleazar and Ithamar, his sons: “Do not uncover your heads, and do not tear your garments, lest perhaps you die, and wrath arise upon the whole congregation. Your brothers, and the whole house of Israel shall lament the burning which the LORD has kindled;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Locutusque and spoke PTCP.PERF.DEP.NOM.SG.M+CONJ
2 est was 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
3 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
4 ad to PREP+ACC
5 Aaron Aaron ACC.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 ad to PREP+ACC
8 Eleazar Eleazar ACC.SG.M
9 et and CONJ
10 Ithamar Ithamar ACC.SG.M
11 filios sons ACC.PL.M
12 eius his GEN.SG.M.POSS
13 Capita heads ACC.PL.N
14 vestra your ACC.PL.N.POSS
15 nolite do not 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
16 nudare uncover PRES.ACT.INF
17 et and CONJ
18 vestimenta garments ACC.PL.N
19 nolite do not 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
20 scindere tear PRES.ACT.INF
21 ne lest CONJ
22 forte perhaps ADV
23 moriamini you die 2PL.PRES.SUBJ.ACT
24 et and CONJ
25 super upon PREP+ACC
26 omnem the whole ACC.SG.M
27 cœtum assembly ACC.SG.M
28 oriatur arise 3SG.PRES.SUBJ.DEP
29 indignatio wrath NOM.SG.F
30 Fratres brothers NOM.PL.M
31 vestri your NOM.PL.M.POSS
32 et and CONJ
33 omnis the whole NOM.SG.F
34 domus house NOM.SG.F
35 Israel Israel GEN.SG.M
36 plangant shall lament 3PL.PRES.SUBJ.ACT
37 incendium burning ACC.SG.N
38 quod which REL.ACC.SG.N
39 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
40 suscitavit has kindled 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: Locutus est Moyses — Moses as speaker
Addressees: ad Aaron et ad Eleazar et Ithamar filios eius — priestly recipients
Prohibitive Imperatives: nolite nudare nolite scindere — ritual restraint
Negative Purpose: ne forte moriamini — prevention of death
Result Clause: et super omnem cœtum oriatur indignatio — communal consequence
Exhortation: Fratres vestri et omnis domus Israel plangant — corporate mourning
Relative Clause: quod Dominus suscitavit — divine causation

Morphology

  1. Locutusque — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: deponent verb participle with enclitic conjunction; Form: perfect nominative masculine singular; Function: verbal predicate with est; Translation: and spoke; Notes: Deponent with active sense.
  2. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: was; Notes: Completes periphrastic verb.
  3. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject; Translation: Moses; Notes: Mediator of instruction.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction; Translation: to; Notes: Introduces addressees.
  5. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: object of ad; Translation: Aaron; Notes: High priest.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links names.
  7. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction; Translation: to; Notes: Repeated for clarity.
  8. Eleazar — Lemma: Eleazar; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: object of ad; Translation: Eleazar; Notes: Priestly son.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins siblings.
  10. Ithamar — Lemma: Ithamar; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: object of ad; Translation: Ithamar; Notes: Priestly son.
  11. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine plural; Function: apposition; Translation: sons; Notes: Clarifies relationship.
  12. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: modifies filios; Translation: his; Notes: Refers to Aaron.
  13. Capita — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: object of infinitive; Translation: heads; Notes: Sign of mourning.
  14. vestra — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: modifies capita; Translation: your; Notes: Addressed to priests.
  15. nolite — Lemma: nolo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural present active imperative; Function: prohibition; Translation: do not; Notes: Governs infinitive.
  16. nudare — Lemma: nudo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: uncover; Notes: Ritual gesture forbidden.
  17. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links prohibitions.
  18. vestimenta — Lemma: vestimentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: object of infinitive; Translation: garments; Notes: Priestly clothing.
  19. nolite — Lemma: nolo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural present active imperative; Function: prohibition; Translation: do not; Notes: Reiterated command.
  20. scindere — Lemma: scindo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: tear; Notes: Mourning practice.
  21. ne — Lemma: ne; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative purpose; Translation: lest; Notes: Introduces warning.
  22. forte — Lemma: forte; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: modal; Translation: perhaps; Notes: Softens contingency.
  23. moriamini — Lemma: morior; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: second person plural present subjunctive; Function: clause of prevention; Translation: you die; Notes: Serious consequence.
  24. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds result.
  25. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: relation; Translation: upon; Notes: Direction of effect.
  26. omnem — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: modifies cœtum; Translation: the whole; Notes: Totality stressed.
  27. cœtum — Lemma: cœtus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular fourth declension; Function: object of super; Translation: assembly; Notes: Congregation.
  28. oriatur — Lemma: orior; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: third person singular present subjunctive; Function: result clause; Translation: arise; Notes: Potential outcome.
  29. indignatio — Lemma: indignatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: subject; Translation: wrath; Notes: Divine anger.
  30. Fratres — Lemma: frater; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: subject; Translation: brothers; Notes: Wider kin.
  31. vestri — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: modifies fratres; Translation: your; Notes: Relation emphasized.
  32. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds group.
  33. omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: modifies domus; Translation: the whole; Notes: Inclusivity.
  34. domus — Lemma: domus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular fourth declension; Function: subject; Translation: house; Notes: Household of Israel.
  35. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: modifies domus; Translation: of Israel; Notes: Covenant people.
  36. plangant — Lemma: plango; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present subjunctive active; Function: jussive exhortation; Translation: shall lament; Notes: Authorized mourning.
  37. incendium — Lemma: incendium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: object; Translation: burning; Notes: The consuming fire.
  38. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: object of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to the burning.
  39. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject; Translation: the LORD; Notes: YHWH as actor.
  40. suscitavit — Lemma: suscito; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: has kindled; Notes: Divine initiation of judgment.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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