Leviticus 12:7

Posted on April 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 12:7 qui offeret illa coram Domino, et orabit pro ea, et sic mundabitur a profluvio sanguinis sui. ista est lex parientis masculum aut feminam.

who shall offer them before the LORD, and shall pray for her, and thus she shall be cleansed from the flow of her blood, this is the law of the woman giving birth to a male or a female.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 qui who REL.NOM.SG.M
2 offeret shall offer 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
3 illa them ACC.PL.N
4 coram before PREP+ABL
5 Domino LORD ABL.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 orabit shall pray 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
8 pro for PREP+ABL
9 ea her ABL.SG.F
10 et and CONJ
11 sic thus ADV
12 mundabitur shall be cleansed 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
13 a from PREP+ABL
14 profluvio flow ABL.SG.N
15 sanguinis of blood GEN.SG.M
16 sui her own GEN.SG.M.REFL
17 ista this NOM.SG.F
18 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
19 lex law NOM.SG.F
20 parientis of the one giving birth GEN.SG.F.PTCP
21 masculum male ACC.SG.M
22 aut or CONJ
23 feminam female ACC.SG.F

Syntax

Relative Clause: qui offeret illa coram Domino — the priest as antecedent performs the offering
Coordinated Action: et orabit pro ea — intercessory act joined by et
Result Clause: et sic mundabitur — consequence expressed by adverb sic
Ablative of Separation: a profluvio sanguinis sui — removal from impurity
Declarative Statement: ista est lex — formal legal summary
Specification: parientis masculum aut feminam — inclusive scope of the statute

Morphology

  1. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: Refers to the priest previously mentioned.
  2. offeret — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of the relative clause; Translation: shall offer; Notes: Formal cultic action.
  3. illa — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: direct object; Translation: them; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial offerings.
  4. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: before; Notes: Indicates presence in the divine sphere.
  5. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular; Function: object of coram; Translation: LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins successive priestly acts.
  7. orabit — Lemma: oro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: coordinated verb; Translation: shall pray; Notes: Intercessory function of the priest.
  8. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: beneficiary marker; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates representation.
  9. ea — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative feminine singular; Function: object of pro; Translation: her; Notes: Refers to the woman.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links action to result.
  11. sic — Lemma: sic; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: result marker; Translation: thus; Notes: Indicates consequence of the rite.
  12. mundabitur — Lemma: mundo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: main predicate of result; Translation: shall be cleansed; Notes: Passive emphasizes effected purity.
  13. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: separation; Translation: from; Notes: Removal from impurity.
  14. profluvio — Lemma: profluvium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular; Function: object of a; Translation: flow; Notes: Technical term for discharge.
  15. sanguinis — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: genitive modifier; Translation: of blood; Notes: Specifies the source of impurity.
  16. sui — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: reflexive possessive adjective; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: modifier; Translation: her own; Notes: Reflexive reference to the woman.
  17. ista — Lemma: iste; Part of Speech: demonstrative adjective; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: modifier of lex; Translation: this; Notes: Points to the immediately stated regulation.
  18. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: Introduces a legal definition.
  19. lex — Lemma: lex; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: law; Notes: Formal statutory conclusion.
  20. parientis — Lemma: pario; Part of Speech: present active participle; Form: genitive feminine singular; Function: genitive modifier; Translation: of the one giving birth; Notes: Defines the subject of the law.
  21. masculum — Lemma: masculus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: object of the participle; Translation: male; Notes: First alternative.
  22. aut — Lemma: aut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: alternative; Translation: or; Notes: Presents an exclusive option.
  23. feminam — Lemma: femina; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular; Function: alternative object; Translation: female; Notes: Second alternative completing the scope.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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