Leviticus 14:3

Posted on April 14, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 14:3 qui egressus de castris, cum invenerit lepram esse mundatam,

who having gone out from the camp, when he has found that the leprosy has been cleansed,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 qui who NOM.SG.M REL.PRON
2 egressus having gone out NOM.SG.M PTCP.PERF.DEP
3 de from PREP+ABL
4 castris the camp ABL.PL.N
5 cum when CONJ
6 invenerit has found 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
7 lepram leprosy ACC.SG.F
8 esse to be PRES.ACT.INF
9 mundatam cleansed ACC.SG.F PTCP.PERF.PASS

Syntax

Relative Introduction: qui resumes sacerdotem from the prior verse and introduces his actions.
Participial Action: egressus de castris describes the priest’s movement outside the camp prior to inspection.
Temporal Clause: cum invenerit sets the circumstance of discovery using a perfect subjunctive.
Accusative Infinitive: lepram esse mundatam reports the finding that the condition has been cleansed.

Morphology

  1. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: Refers back to the priest.
  2. egressus — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect deponent; Function: circumstantial participle; Translation: having gone out; Notes: Indicates prior action before inspection.
  3. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: marks separation; Translation: from; Notes: Expresses movement away.
  4. castris — Lemma: castra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of the preposition; Translation: the camp; Notes: The community area from which the priest exits.
  5. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: temporal; Function: introduces a time clause; Translation: when; Notes: Common in procedural narrative.
  6. invenerit — Lemma: invenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of discovery; Translation: has found; Notes: Subjunctive follows temporal cum.
  7. lepram — Lemma: lepra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: subject of the infinitive; Translation: leprosy; Notes: Condition under examination.
  8. esse — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: links subject and predicate in indirect statement; Translation: to be; Notes: Standard accusative infinitive construction.
  9. mundatam — Lemma: mundo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: accusative singular feminine perfect passive; Function: predicate participle; Translation: cleansed; Notes: Indicates completed purification.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Leviticus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.