Leviticus 14:31

Posted on April 14, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 14:31 unum pro delicto, et alterum in holocaustum cum libamentis suis.

one for the guilt offering, and the other for a burnt offering with its libations.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 unum one ACC.SG.N NUM
2 pro for PREP+ABL
3 delicto guilt ABL.SG.N
4 et and CONJ
5 alterum the other ACC.SG.N ADJ
6 in for PREP+ACC
7 holocaustum burnt offering ACC.SG.N
8 cum with PREP+ABL
9 libamentis libations ABL.PL.N
10 suis its own ABL.PL.N POSS.PRON

Syntax

Elliptical Object Phrase: unum pro delicto assigns the first bird to the guilt offering.
Coordinated Object Phrase: et alterum in holocaustum assigns the second bird to the burnt offering.
Accompaniment Phrase: cum libamentis suis specifies the accompanying drink offerings.

Morphology

  1. unum — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object understood; Translation: one; Notes: Refers to one of the two birds previously mentioned.
  2. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: purpose or reference; Translation: for; Notes: Introduces the sacrificial category.
  3. delicto — Lemma: delictum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of pro; Translation: guilt; Notes: Specifies the guilt offering.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Balances the two offerings.
  5. alterum — Lemma: alter; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object understood; Translation: the other; Notes: Refers to the second bird.
  6. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Marks the offering designation.
  7. holocaustum — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: burnt offering; Notes: Offering wholly consumed by fire.
  8. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: accompaniment; Translation: with; Notes: Introduces associated offerings.
  9. libamentis — Lemma: libamentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of cum; Translation: libations; Notes: Drink offerings accompanying the sacrifice.
  10. suis — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: modifies libamentis; Translation: its own; Notes: Refers to the offerings proper to the sacrifice.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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