Leviticus 14:40

Posted on April 14, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 14:40 iubebit erui lapides in quibus lepra est, et proiici eos extra civitatem in locum immundum:

he shall command that the stones in which the leprosy is be torn out, and that they be thrown outside the city into an unclean place;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 iubebit he shall command 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
2 erui to be torn out PRES.PASS.INF
3 lapides stones ACC.PL.M
4 in in PREP+ABL
5 quibus which ABL.PL.M REL.PRON
6 lepra leprosy NOM.SG.F
7 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
8 et and CONJ
9 proiici to be thrown PRES.PASS.INF
10 eos them ACC.PL.M PERS.PRON
11 extra outside PREP+ACC
12 civitatem city ACC.SG.F
13 in into PREP+ACC
14 locum place ACC.SG.M
15 immundum unclean ACC.SG.M ADJ

Syntax

Main Predicate: iubebit expresses priestly authority and command.
First Object Clause: erui lapides states the removal of the affected stones.
Relative Clause: in quibus lepra est specifies which stones are concerned.
Coordinated Infinitive: et proiici eos adds the disposal action.
Directional Phrases: extra civitatem and in locum immundum indicate removal and final destination.

Morphology

  1. iubebit — Lemma: iubeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb of command; Translation: he shall command; Notes: Introduces an authoritative directive.
  2. erui — Lemma: eruo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to be torn out; Notes: Passive emphasizes the stones as recipients of action.
  3. lapides — Lemma: lapis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of erui; Translation: stones; Notes: Structural elements of the house.
  4. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: location; Translation: in; Notes: Introduces the relative clause setting.
  5. quibus — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to the stones.
  6. lepra — Lemma: lepra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: leprosy; Notes: The contaminating affliction.
  7. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: States presence.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins two commanded actions.
  9. proiici — Lemma: proicio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to be thrown; Notes: Disposal action following removal.
  10. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of proiici; Translation: them; Notes: Refers to the removed stones.
  11. extra — Lemma: extra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: direction; Translation: outside; Notes: Indicates removal beyond boundaries.
  12. civitatem — Lemma: civitas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of extra; Translation: city; Notes: Communal space to be protected.
  13. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: direction; Translation: into; Notes: Marks final placement.
  14. locum — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: place; Notes: Designated disposal site.
  15. immundum — Lemma: immundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies locum; Translation: unclean; Notes: Ritually defiled location.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Leviticus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.