Leviticus 14:51

Posted on April 14, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 14:51 tollet lignum cedrinum, et hyssopum, et coccum et passerem vivum, et tinget omnia in sanguine passeris immolati, atque in aquis viventibus, et asperget domum septies,

he shall take cedar wood, and hyssop, and scarlet thread and the living sparrow, and he shall dip all of them in the blood of the sparrow that was sacrificed, and in living waters, and he shall sprinkle the house seven times,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 tollet he shall take 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
2 lignum wood ACC.SG.N
3 cedrinum cedar ACC.SG.N ADJ
4 et and CONJ
5 hyssopum hyssop ACC.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 coccum scarlet thread ACC.SG.N
8 et and CONJ
9 passerem sparrow ACC.SG.M
10 vivum living ACC.SG.M ADJ
11 et and CONJ
12 tinget he shall dip 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
13 omnia all things ACC.PL.N
14 in in PREP+ABL
15 sanguine blood ABL.SG.M
16 passeris of the sparrow GEN.SG.M
17 immolati sacrificed GEN.SG.M PERF.PASS.PTCP
18 atque and also CONJ
19 in in PREP+ABL
20 aquis waters ABL.PL.F
21 viventibus living ABL.PL.F PRES.ACT.PTCP
22 et and CONJ
23 asperget he shall sprinkle 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
24 domum house ACC.SG.F
25 septies seven times ADV

Syntax

Main Actions: tollet tinget asperget form a sequence of prescribed ritual acts.
Compound Objects: lignum cedrinum hyssopum coccum passerem vivum enumerate the ritual instruments.
Means Phrases: in sanguine passeris immolati and in aquis viventibus specify the mediums used for dipping.
Resulting Act: asperget domum septies states the formal purification action and its completeness.

Morphology

  1. tollet — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall take; Notes: Introduces the ritual handling of items.
  2. lignum — Lemma: lignum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object; Translation: wood; Notes: Material for purification rite.
  3. cedrinum — Lemma: cedrinus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies lignum; Translation: cedar; Notes: Symbolic cleansing material.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins ritual items.
  5. hyssopum — Lemma: hyssopus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object; Translation: hyssop; Notes: Used for sprinkling.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Continues list.
  7. coccum — Lemma: coccum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object; Translation: scarlet thread; Notes: Dyed material for ritual use.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links final item.
  9. passerem — Lemma: passer; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object; Translation: sparrow; Notes: The living bird used in the rite.
  10. vivum — Lemma: vivus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies passerem; Translation: living; Notes: Distinguished from the sacrificed bird.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins actions.
  12. tinget — Lemma: tingo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall dip; Notes: Ritual immersion of items.
  13. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective substantive; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of tinget; Translation: all things; Notes: Refers to all listed items.
  14. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: means; Translation: in; Notes: Introduces medium.
  15. sanguine — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: blood; Notes: Blood of the sacrificed bird.
  16. passeris — Lemma: passer; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of the sparrow; Notes: Specifies source.
  17. immolati — Lemma: immolo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: genitive singular masculine perfect passive; Function: modifies passeris; Translation: sacrificed; Notes: Identifies the bird.
  18. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: emphatic coordination; Translation: and also; Notes: Adds a second medium.
  19. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: means; Translation: in; Notes: Parallel to prior in phrase.
  20. aquis — Lemma: aqua; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: waters; Notes: Flowing water.
  21. viventibus — Lemma: vivo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative plural feminine present active; Function: modifies aquis; Translation: living; Notes: Denotes fresh flowing water.
  22. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links to final action.
  23. asperget — Lemma: aspergo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall sprinkle; Notes: Culminating act of purification.
  24. domum — Lemma: domus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of asperget; Translation: house; Notes: The dwelling being purified.
  25. septies — Lemma: septies; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: frequency; Translation: seven times; Notes: Completeness in ritual action.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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