Leviticus 16:25

Posted on April 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 16:25 et adipem, qui oblatus est pro peccatis, adolebit super altare.

and the fat, which has been offered for sins, he shall burn upon the altar.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 adipem fat ACC.SG.M
3 qui which NOM.SG.M.REL
4 oblatus offered PTCP.PERF.PASS.NOM.SG.M
5 est has-been 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
6 pro for PREP+ABL
7 peccatis sins ABL.PL.N
8 adolebit he-shall-burn 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
9 super upon PREP+ACC
10 altare altar ACC.SG.N

Syntax

Coordinated Object: et adipem — adds an additional sacrificial element
Relative Clause: qui oblatus est pro peccatis — identifies the fat as already presented for sin
Main Predicate: adolebit — future action of ritual combustion
Prepositional Phrase: super altare — locus of the burning

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the ritual sequence.
  2. adipem — Lemma: adeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: fat; Notes: The choicest sacrificial portion.
  3. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to adipem.
  4. oblatus — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative masculine singular; Function: predicate participle; Translation: offered; Notes: Indicates prior presentation.
  5. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: auxiliary; Translation: has been; Notes: Forms a perfect passive with oblatus.
  6. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: purpose or benefit; Translation: for; Notes: Cultic usage indicating substitution.
  7. peccatis — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter plural, second declension; Function: object of pro; Translation: sins; Notes: Grounds the offering’s purpose.
  8. adolebit — Lemma: adoleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main predicate; Translation: he shall burn; Notes: Technical term for sacrificial burning.
  9. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: upon; Notes: Indicates placement on the altar.
  10. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular, third declension; Function: object of super; Translation: altar; Notes: The locus of sacrificial consumption.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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