Leviticus 21:22

Posted on April 21, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 21:22 vescetur tamen panibus, qui offeruntur in Sanctuario,

nevertheless, he shall eat the breads which are offered in the Sanctuary,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 vescetur he shall eat 3SG.FUT.DEP.IND
2 tamen nevertheless ADV
3 panibus breads ABL.PL.M (3RD DECL)
4 qui which NOM.PL.M (REL)
5 offeruntur are offered 3PL.PRES.PASS.IND
6 in in PREP+ABL
7 Sanctuario Sanctuary ABL.SG.N (2ND DECL)

Syntax

Concessive Main Clause: vescetur tamen panibus — future deponent indicative granting permitted action despite prior restrictions, with tamen marking concession and panibus as an ablative object with deponent vescor.

Relative Clause: qui offeruntur in Sanctuario — relative pronoun referring to panibus, with a present passive verb and an ablative of place indicating cultic location.

Morphology

  1. vescetur — Lemma: vescor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: third person singular future indicative deponent; Function: main verb; Translation: “he shall eat”; Notes: Deponent verb governing the ablative.
  2. tamen — Lemma: tamen; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: concessive modifier; Translation: “nevertheless”; Notes: Signals allowance despite limitation.
  3. panibus — Lemma: panis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine plural; Function: object of vescetur; Translation: “breads”; Notes: Cultic food portions permitted for consumption.
  4. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: “which”; Notes: Refers back to panibus.
  5. offeruntur — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present passive indicative; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: “are offered”; Notes: Describes ongoing cultic action.
  6. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: location; Translation: “in”; Notes: Indicates place.
  7. Sanctuario — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular; Function: object of in; Translation: “Sanctuary”; Notes: Sacred space of offering.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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