Leviticus 22:25

Posted on April 22, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 22:25 De manu alienigenæ non offeretis panes Deo vestro, et quidquid aliud dare voluerit: quia corrupta, et maculata sunt omnia: non suscipietis ea.

From the hand of a foreigner you shall not offer the bread of your God, nor anything else he may wish to give, because all of them are corrupted, and blemished; you shall not accept them.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 De from PREP+ABL
2 manu hand ABL.SG.F
3 alienigenæ foreigner GEN.SG.M
4 non not ADV
5 offeretis you shall offer 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
6 panes breads ACC.PL.M
7 Deo to God DAT.SG.M
8 vestro your DAT.SG.M.POSS
9 et and CONJ
10 quidquid whatever ACC.SG.N.INDEF
11 aliud other ACC.SG.N.ADJ
12 dare to give PRES.ACT.INF
13 voluerit he may wish 3SG.PERF.ACT.SUBJ
14 quia because CONJ
15 corrupta corrupted NOM.PL.N.PTCP.PASS
16 et and CONJ
17 maculata blemished NOM.PL.N.PTCP.PASS
18 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
19 omnia all things NOM.PL.N
20 non not ADV
21 suscipietis you shall accept 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
22 ea them ACC.PL.N.PERS

Syntax

Prepositional Limitation: De manu alienigenæ — specifies the prohibited source.
Main Prohibition: non offeretis panes Deo vestro — forbids offering sustenance to YHWH from that source.
Expanded Object: et quidquid aliud dare voluerit — broadens the ban to any additional gift.
Causal Clause: quia corrupta et maculata sunt omnia — states the reason for rejection.
Concluding Prohibition: non suscipietis ea — final refusal of acceptance.

Morphology

  1. De — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: source; Translation: “from”; Notes: Indicates origin of the offering.
  2. manu — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: ablative feminine singular; Function: object of de; Translation: “hand”; Notes: Metonymy for agency or control.
  3. alienigenæ — Lemma: alienigena; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: modifies manu; Translation: “of a foreigner”; Notes: Non-member of the covenant community.
  4. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negates offeretis; Translation: “not”; Notes: Absolute negation.
  5. offeretis — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: second person plural future active indicative; Function: legal prohibition; Translation: “you shall offer”; Notes: Legislative future.
  6. panes — Lemma: panis; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: accusative masculine plural; Function: direct object; Translation: “breads”; Notes: Cultic food offerings.
  7. Deo — Lemma: deus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: dative masculine singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to God”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  8. vestro — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: Possessive adjective; Form: dative masculine singular; Function: modifies Deo; Translation: “your”; Notes: Emphasizes covenant relationship.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordination; Translation: “and”; Notes: Adds further objects.
  10. quidquid — Lemma: quidquid; Part of Speech: Indefinite pronoun; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: object of dare; Translation: “whatever”; Notes: Totalizing term.
  11. aliud — Lemma: alius; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: modifies quidquid; Translation: “other”; Notes: Excludes exceptions.
  12. dare — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: “to give”; Notes: Denotes intended offering.
  13. voluerit — Lemma: volo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: third person singular perfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: “he may wish”; Notes: Subjunctive expresses contingency.
  14. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces cause; Translation: “because”; Notes: Grounds the prohibition.
  15. corrupta — Lemma: corrumpo; Part of Speech: Verb (perfect participle passive); Form: nominative neuter plural; Function: predicate with sunt; Translation: “corrupted”; Notes: Moral or ritual degradation.
  16. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordination; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links descriptors.
  17. maculata — Lemma: maculo; Part of Speech: Verb (perfect participle passive); Form: nominative neuter plural; Function: predicate with sunt; Translation: “blemished”; Notes: Ritual defect.
  18. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: “are”; Notes: Links subject and predicates.
  19. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: Adjective (substantive); Form: nominative neuter plural; Function: subject of sunt; Translation: “all things”; Notes: No exceptions implied.
  20. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negates suscipietis; Translation: “not”; Notes: Reinforces refusal.
  21. suscipietis — Lemma: suscipio; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: second person plural future active indicative; Function: final prohibition; Translation: “you shall accept”; Notes: Formal rejection.
  22. ea — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: Personal pronoun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: direct object; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the rejected offerings.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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