Leviticus 3:13

Posted on April 3, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 3:13 ponet manum suam super caput eius: immolabitque eam in introitu tabernaculi testimonii. Et fundent filii Aaron sanguinem eius per altaris circuitum.

he shall place his hand upon its head, and he shall slaughter it at the entrance of the tabernacle of testimony. And the sons of Aaron shall pour out its blood around the altar.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 ponet he shall place VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
2 manum hand NOUN, ACC.SG.F, 4TH DECL
3 suam his ADJ, ACC.SG.F, POSS
4 super upon PREP+ACC
5 caput head NOUN, ACC.SG.N, 3RD DECL
6 eius its PRON, GEN.SG.M/N, POSS
7 immolabitque and he shall slaughter VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND + ENCLITIC -QUE
8 eam it PRON, ACC.SG.F, DEM
9 in in PREP+ABL
10 introitu entrance NOUN, ABL.SG.M, 4TH DECL
11 tabernaculi of the tabernacle NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 2ND DECL
12 testimonii of testimony NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 2ND DECL
13 Et and CONJ
14 fundent they shall pour out VERB, 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
15 filii sons NOUN, NOM.PL.M, 2ND DECL
16 Aaron Aaron NOUN, NOM.SG.M, INDECL
17 sanguinem blood NOUN, ACC.SG.M, 3RD DECL
18 eius its PRON, GEN.SG.M/N, POSS
19 per around PREP+ACC
20 altaris of the altar NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 3RD DECL
21 circuitum circuit NOUN, ACC.SG.M, 4TH DECL

Syntax

First Main Clause: ponet manum suam super caput eius — the act of laying on the hand, marking identification with the sacrificial animal.
Coordinated Clause: immolabitque eam — the offerer slaughters the goat, coordinated with -que.
Locative Phrase: in introitu tabernaculi testimonii — specifies the ritual location at the tent’s entrance.
Second Main Clause: Et fundent filii Aaron sanguinem eius — the priests perform the blood rite.
Directional Phrase: per altaris circuitum — describes pouring blood around the altar’s perimeter.

Morphology

  1. ponet — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall place; Notes: refers to the ritual imposition of hands.
  2. manum — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: hand; Notes: fourth-declension but feminine.
  3. suam — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine possessive; Function: modifies manum; Translation: his; Notes: reflexive to the subject.
  4. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses placement; Translation: upon; Notes: standard preposition in sacrificial rites.
  5. caput — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: head; Notes: marking identification with the animal.
  6. eius — Lemma: eius; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine/neuter; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: its; Notes: refers to the goat.
  7. immolabitque — Lemma: immolo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative with enclitic -que; Function: main coordinated verb; Translation: and he shall slaughter; Notes: describes sacrificial slaughter.
  8. eam — Lemma: is (ea, id); Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: refers to capra.
  9. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses location; Translation: in; Notes: marks ritual space.
  10. introitu — Lemma: introitus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine, 4th declension; Function: object of in; Translation: entrance; Notes: refers to the outer area before the sanctuary.
  11. tabernaculi — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive modifier; Translation: of the tabernacle; Notes: identifies sacred structure.
  12. testimonii — Lemma: testimonium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of testimony; Notes: covenantal designation.
  13. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces second main clause; Translation: and; Notes: connects slaughter with blood rite.
  14. fundent — Lemma: fundo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they shall pour out; Notes: describes priestly handling of sacrificial blood.
  15. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of fundent; Translation: sons; Notes: Aaron’s sons act as priests.
  16. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine indeclinable; Function: genitive dependent (sons of Aaron); Translation: Aaron; Notes: indeclinable Hebrew name.
  17. sanguinem — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: blood; Notes: vehicle of ritual atonement.
  18. eius — Lemma: eius; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine/neuter; Function: possessive; Translation: its; Notes: refers to the sacrificed goat.
  19. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: describes movement around; Translation: around; Notes: standard expression for altar-circuit blood rites.
  20. altaris — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive modifier; Translation: of the altar; Notes: refers to bronze altar.
  21. circuitum — Lemma: circuitus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, 4th declension; Function: object of per; Translation: circuit; Notes: altar’s perimeter.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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