Leviticus 5:19

Posted on April 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 5:19 quia per errorem deliquit in Dominum.

because by error he has transgressed against the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 quia because CONJ
2 per through PREP+ACC
3 errorem error NOUN, ACC.SG.M
4 deliquit has transgressed VERB, 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
5 in against PREP+ACC
6 Dominum the LORD NOUN, ACC.SG.M

Syntax

quia per errorem deliquit in Dominum — causal clause explaining the need for the guilt offering; deliquit takes the prepositional phrase in Dominum expressing offense directed against the LORD, with per errorem indicating that the transgression occurred through error.

Morphology

  1. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces a causal clause; Translation: because; Notes: links the preceding legal statement with its underlying reason.
  2. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: expresses the manner or intermediate cause; Translation: through; Notes: stresses that the sin arose by means of error rather than deliberate rebellion.
  3. errorem — Lemma: error; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of the preposition per; Translation: error; Notes: characterizes the offense as stemming from mistake or ignorance.
  4. deliquit — Lemma: delinquō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of the clause describing the completed act of transgression; Translation: has transgressed; Notes: perfect tense presents the sin as a finished deed with ongoing legal implications.
  5. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative here; Function: marks the person against whom the offense is directed; Translation: against; Notes: in cultic and legal contexts this usage with accusative often carries the sense of hostility or offense toward the object.
  6. Dominum — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of the preposition in; Translation: the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH as the ultimate injured party in the transgression.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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