Leviticus 8:16

Posted on April 8, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 8:16 Adipem vero qui erat super vitalia, et reticulum iecoris, duosque renunculos, cum arvinulis suis adolevit super altare:

But the fat which was upon the vital parts, and the caul of the liver, and the two kidneys, with their fat he burned upon the altar;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Adipem fat ACC.SG.M
2 vero but ADV
3 qui which NOM.SG.M.REL
4 erat was 3SG.IMPF.ACT.IND
5 super upon PREP+ACC
6 vitalia vital parts ACC.PL.N
7 et and CONJ
8 reticulum caul ACC.SG.N
9 iecoris of the liver GEN.SG.N
10 duosque and two ACC.PL.M
11 renunculos kidneys ACC.PL.M
12 cum with PREP+ABL
13 arvinulis fat portions ABL.PL.F
14 suis their own ABL.PL.F.POSS
15 adolevit burned 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
16 super upon PREP+ACC
17 altare altar ACC.SG.N

Syntax

Main Clause: adolevit with implied subject Moses
Primary Object: Adipem — the sacrificial fat
Relative Description: qui erat super vitalia — specifies location of the fat
Coordinated Objects: reticulum iecoris and duos renunculos — additional sacrificial portions
Accompaniment: cum arvinulis suis — associated fat portions
Place of Action: super altare — locus of burning

Morphology

  1. Adipem — Lemma: adeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular third declension; Function: direct object of adolevit; Translation: fat; Notes: Designated portion reserved for burning.
  2. vero — Lemma: vero; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: adversative connector; Translation: but; Notes: Marks contrast with previous actions.
  3. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject of erat referring to adipem; Translation: which; Notes: Agrees with its masculine antecedent.
  4. erat — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular imperfect active indicative; Function: copular verb; Translation: was; Notes: Describes the state/location.
  5. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: expresses position above; Translation: upon; Notes: Indicates placement over internal organs.
  6. vitalia — Lemma: vitalia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: object of super; Translation: vital parts; Notes: Internal organs associated with sacrificial rites.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates objects; Translation: and; Notes: Links sacrificial elements.
  8. reticulum — Lemma: reticulum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular second declension; Function: additional direct object; Translation: caul; Notes: Membrane associated with the liver.
  9. iecoris — Lemma: iecur; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive neuter singular third declension; Function: modifies reticulum; Translation: of the liver; Notes: Specifies the organ.
  10. duosque — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral with enclitic conjunction; Form: accusative masculine plural + -que; Function: coordinates an additional object; Translation: and two; Notes: Enclitic tightly joins the numeral to the list.
  11. renunculos — Lemma: renunculus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine plural second declension; Function: direct object coordinated with others; Translation: kidneys; Notes: Standard sacrificial organs.
  12. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: expresses accompaniment; Translation: with; Notes: Introduces associated portions.
  13. arvinulis — Lemma: arvinula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative feminine plural first declension; Function: object of cum; Translation: fat portions; Notes: Diminutive indicating specific fatty parts.
  14. suis — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative feminine plural; Function: modifies arvinulis; Translation: their own; Notes: Refers to the kidneys.
  15. adolevit — Lemma: adoleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: burned; Notes: Technical term for burning offerings on the altar.
  16. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: expresses location; Translation: upon; Notes: Indicates the altar surface.
  17. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular third declension; Function: object of super; Translation: altar; Notes: Place of sacrificial burning.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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