Leviticus 8:2

Posted on April 8, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 8:2 Tolle Aaron cum filiis suis, vestes eorum, et unctionis oleum, vitulum pro peccato, duos arietes, canistrum cum azymis,

Take Aaron with his sons, their garments, and the oil of anointing, the calf for sin, two rams, the basket with unleavened breads,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Tolle take 2SG.PRES.ACT.IMP
2 Aaron Aaron ACC.SG.M
3 cum with PREP+ABL
4 filiis sons ABL.PL.M
5 suis his own ABL.PL.M.POSS
6 vestes garments ACC.PL.F
7 eorum of them GEN.PL.M.PERS
8 et and CONJ
9 unctionis of anointing GEN.SG.F
10 oleum oil ACC.SG.N
11 vitulum calf ACC.SG.M
12 pro for PREP+ABL
13 peccato sin ABL.SG.N
14 duos two ACC.PL.M
15 arietes rams ACC.PL.M
16 canistrum basket ACC.SG.N
17 cum with PREP+ABL
18 azymis unleavened breads ABL.PL.N

Syntax

Main Clause: Tolle (imperative verb) governing multiple coordinated direct objects
Primary Object: Aaron — person to be taken
Accompaniment Phrase: cum filiis suis — those taken together with Aaron
Additional Objects: vestes eorum oleum unctionis vitulum pro peccato duos arietes canistrum cum azymis — ritual items required for the consecration sequence

Morphology

  1. Tolle — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular present active imperative; Function: main command; Translation: take; Notes: Directs Moses to assemble persons and ritual objects.
  2. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: direct object; Translation: Aaron; Notes: High priest designated for consecration.
  3. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: expresses accompaniment; Translation: with; Notes: Indicates inclusion rather than mere proximity.
  4. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine plural second declension; Function: object of cum; Translation: sons; Notes: Refers to the priestly sons of Aaron.
  5. suis — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative masculine plural; Function: modifies filiis; Translation: his own; Notes: Reflexive possession referring back to Aaron.
  6. vestes — Lemma: vestis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine plural third declension; Function: direct object of Tolle; Translation: garments; Notes: Priestly vestments for consecration.
  7. eorum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: genitive masculine plural; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: of them; Notes: Refers collectively to Aaron and his sons.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates items; Translation: and; Notes: Links successive ritual elements.
  9. unctionis — Lemma: unctio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive feminine singular third declension; Function: modifies oleum; Translation: of anointing; Notes: Specifies sacred purpose of the oil.
  10. oleum — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: oil; Notes: Used for priestly consecration.
  11. vitulum — Lemma: vitulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: calf; Notes: Sacrificial animal.
  12. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates substitutionary or ritual purpose.
  13. peccato — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular second declension; Function: object of pro; Translation: sin; Notes: Identifies the offering as a sin offering.
  14. duos — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: accusative masculine plural; Function: modifies arietes; Translation: two; Notes: Exact number required for the rite.
  15. arietes — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine plural third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: rams; Notes: Animals designated for priestly offerings.
  16. canistrum — Lemma: canistrum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: basket; Notes: Container for ritual bread.
  17. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: accompaniment; Translation: with; Notes: Links the basket to its contents.
  18. azymis — Lemma: azyma; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter plural; Function: object of cum; Translation: unleavened breads; Notes: Cultic bread used in consecration rituals.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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