Genesis 35:10

Posted on February 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

10 dicens: Non vocaberis ultra Iacob, sed Israel erit nomen tuum. Et appellavit eum Israel,

saying: “You shall no longer be called Jacob, but Israel shall be your name.” And He called him Israel.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 dicens saying PART.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M
2 Non not ADV
3 vocaberis you shall be called 2SG.FUT.PASS.IND
4 ultra any more ADV
5 Iacob Jacob PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
6 sed but CONJ
7 Israel Israel PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
8 erit shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
9 nomen name NOUN.NOM.SG.N
10 tuum your ADJ.NOM.SG.N
11 Et and CONJ
12 appellavit he called 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
13 eum him PRON.ACC.SG.M
14 Israel Israel PROP.NOUN.ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Participial Frame: dicens introduces direct speech from the previous clause “God blessed him,” showing the content of the divine speech.
First Clause: Non vocaberis ultra Iacob — a passive future indicative meaning “you shall no longer be called Jacob.” The adverb ultra adds the sense of “any longer.”
Second Clause: sed Israel erit nomen tuum — a contrastive clause with erit as the copula linking the predicate nominative Israel to the subject complement nomen tuum.
Final Clause: Et appellavit eum Israel — a narrative continuation, “and He called him Yisraʾel,” marking divine confirmation of the new name.

Morphology

  1. dicens — Lemma: dīcō; Part of Speech: verb (participle); Form: present active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: participle of speech introducing direct discourse; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Refers to God as the speaker continuing from the previous verse.
  2. Non — Lemma: nōn; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: negative particle; Function: negates “vocaberis”; Translation: “not”; Notes: Indicates prohibition of former identity.
  3. vocaberis — Lemma: vocō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future passive indicative 2nd person singular; Function: main verb of first clause; Translation: “you shall be called”; Notes: Passive voice expresses divine renaming.
  4. ultra — Lemma: ultrā; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: simple; Function: temporal/intensifying adverb; Translation: “any more / any longer”; Notes: Modifies the verb “vocaberis.”
  5. Iacob — Lemma: Iacob; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate nominative complement; Translation: “Jacob”; Notes: Retained as the old name.
  6. sed — Lemma: sed; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: introduces contrast; Translation: “but”; Notes: Opposes old name with new.
  7. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Scholarly transliteration used; represents Jacob’s new divinely given name.
  8. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 3rd person singular; Function: copula in equative clause; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Future tense expressing divine decree.
  9. nomen — Lemma: nōmen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of “erit”; Translation: “name”; Notes: Refers to identity and covenantal role.
  10. tuum — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: adjective (possessive); Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: modifies “nomen”; Translation: “your”; Notes: Marks personal possession of new identity.
  11. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins with previous narrative clause; Translation: “and”; Notes: Continues the divine action.
  12. appellavit — Lemma: appellō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd person singular; Function: main verb of narrative statement; Translation: “he called”; Notes: The act of renaming completed by God.
  13. eum — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of “appellavit”; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers to Jacob as recipient of new name.
  14. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: predicate accusative complement to “eum”; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis, sealing Jacob’s new divine identity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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