Genesis 35:29

Posted on February 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 35:29 Consumptusque ætate mortuus est: et appositus est populo suo senex et plenus dierum: et sepelierunt eum Esau et Iacob filii sui.

And being worn out with age, he died, and was gathered to his people, old and full of days; and Esau and Jacob his sons buried him.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Consumptusque and consumed / worn out PART.PERF.PASS.NOM.SG.M + CONJ
2 ætate with age NOUN.ABL.SG.F
3 mortuus died PART.PERF.DEP.NOM.SG.M
4 est was / has been 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND (AUX)
5 et and CONJ
6 appositus was added / gathered PART.PERF.PASS.NOM.SG.M
7 est was 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND (AUX)
8 populo to the people NOUN.DAT.SG.M
9 suo his ADJ.DAT.SG.M
10 senex old ADJ.NOM.SG.M
11 et and CONJ
12 plenus full ADJ.NOM.SG.M
13 dierum of days NOUN.GEN.PL.M
14 et and CONJ
15 sepelierunt they buried 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
16 eum him PRON.ACC.SG.M
17 Esau Esau PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
18 et and CONJ
19 Iacob Jacob PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
20 filii sons NOUN.NOM.PL.M
21 sui his ADJ.NOM.PL.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Consumptusque ætate mortuus est — perfect periphrastic form expressing a completed state: “And being worn out with age, he died.”
Coordinated Clause: et appositus est populo suo — passive perfect verb with dative of relation, “and was gathered to his people.”
Descriptive Phrases: senex et plenus dierum — nominative predicate adjectives describing the deceased, “old and full of days.”
Final Clause: et sepelierunt eum Esau et Iacob filii sui — active verb with compound subject; “and Esau and Jacob, his sons, buried him.”

Morphology

  1. Consumptusque — Lemma: consumō; Part of Speech: participle (verb); Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular masculine + enclitic conjunction “-que”; Function: modifies subject, introducing coordinated action; Translation: “and being worn out”; Notes: Indicates physical decline preceding death.
  2. ætate — Lemma: aetas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of cause; Translation: “with age”; Notes: Expresses the reason for exhaustion.
  3. mortuus — Lemma: morior; Part of Speech: deponent participle; Form: perfect deponent participle nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate of “est”; Translation: “died”; Notes: Serves as the verbal idea for the main clause.
  4. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: auxiliary verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular; Function: auxiliary with “mortuus”; Translation: “was / has died”; Notes: Periphrastic perfect of deponent verb.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates two main clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links successive actions.
  6. appositus — Lemma: apponō; Part of Speech: participle (verb); Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate with “est”; Translation: “was gathered”; Notes: Figurative expression for joining one’s ancestors.
  7. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: auxiliary verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular; Function: auxiliary with “appositus”; Translation: “was”; Notes: Helps express the perfect passive construction.
  8. populo — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: dative of relation; Translation: “to the people”; Notes: Refers to ancestral community in the afterlife context.
  9. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: reflexive adjective; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: modifies “populo”; Translation: “his”; Notes: Refers reflexively to Isaac.
  10. senex — Lemma: senex; Part of Speech: adjective (also substantive); Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: “old”; Notes: Describes Isaac’s advanced age.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates adjectives; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links two attributes of the deceased.
  12. plenus — Lemma: plēnus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: “full”; Notes: Complements “senex,” expressing life’s completeness.
  13. dierum — Lemma: diēs; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: genitive of measure; Translation: “of days”; Notes: Describes fullness or completion of years lived.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces final clause; Translation: “and”; Notes: Continues narrative sequence.
  15. sepelierunt — Lemma: sepelio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd plural; Function: main verb of final clause; Translation: “they buried”; Notes: Active perfect showing completed action by the sons.
  16. eum — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of “sepelierunt”; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers to Isaac.
  17. Esau — Lemma: Esau; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: first coordinate subject of “sepelierunt”; Translation: “Esau”; Notes: Eldest son of Isaac.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins subjects; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links Esau and Jacob as co-agents.
  19. Iacob — Lemma: Iacob; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: second coordinate subject; Translation: “Jacob”; Notes: Younger son, listed second.
  20. filii — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: appositive to “Esau et Iacob”; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Clarifies filial relationship to Isaac.
  21. sui — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: reflexive adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies “filii”; Translation: “his”; Notes: Refers to Isaac, emphasizing paternal connection.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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