Leviticus 13:26

Posted on April 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 13:26 Quod si pilorum color non fuerit immutatus, nec humilior plaga carne reliqua, et ipsa lepræ species fuerit subobscura, recludet eum septem diebus,

But if the color of the hairs has not been changed, nor is the lesion lower than the remaining flesh, and the appearance of the leprosy itself is somewhat dark, he shall confine him for seven days,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quod but CONJ
2 si if CONJ
3 pilorum of the hairs GEN.PL.M
4 color color NOM.SG.M
5 non not ADV
6 fuerit has been 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
7 immutatus changed NOM.SG.M PTCP.PERF.PASS
8 nec nor CONJ
9 humilior lower NOM.SG.F ADJ.CMPR
10 plaga lesion NOM.SG.F
11 carne flesh ABL.SG.F
12 reliqua remaining ABL.SG.F ADJ.POS
13 et and CONJ
14 ipsa itself NOM.SG.F DEM.PRON
15 lepræ of leprosy GEN.SG.F
16 species appearance NOM.SG.F
17 fuerit has been 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
18 subobscura somewhat dark NOM.SG.F ADJ.POS
19 recludet he shall confine 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
20 eum him ACC.SG.M PERS.PRON
21 septem seven INDECL.NUM
22 diebus days ABL.PL.M

Syntax

Conditional Frame: Quod si introduces an alternative diagnostic outcome.
First Criterion: pilorum color non fuerit immutatus states unchanged hair color using a perfect subjunctive.
Second Criterion: nec humilior plaga carne reliqua denies pathological depression relative to surrounding flesh.
Descriptive Clause: ipsa lepræ species fuerit subobscura characterizes the lesion’s muted appearance.
Main Directive: recludet eum septem diebus orders temporary isolation for observation.

Morphology

  1. Quod — Lemma: quod; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces conditional contrast; Translation: but; Notes: Legal connector paired with si.
  2. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: conditional; Function: introduces condition; Translation: if; Notes: Opens a hypothetical assessment.
  3. pilorum — Lemma: pilus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies color; Translation: of the hairs; Notes: Hair is a key diagnostic indicator.
  4. color — Lemma: color; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: color; Notes: Refers to pigmentation.
  5. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negates the predicate; Translation: not; Notes: Excludes change.
  6. fuerit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: auxiliary of condition; Translation: has been; Notes: Subjunctive marks contingency.
  7. immutatus — Lemma: immuto; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect passive; Function: predicate participle; Translation: changed; Notes: Indicates alteration status.
  8. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: adds a negative condition; Translation: nor; Notes: Continues negation.
  9. humilior — Lemma: humilis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine comparative; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: lower; Notes: Diagnostic comparison.
  10. plaga — Lemma: plaga; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of comparison; Translation: lesion; Notes: The affected area.
  11. carne — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of comparison; Translation: flesh; Notes: Standard of comparison.
  12. reliqua — Lemma: reliquus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine positive; Function: modifies carne; Translation: remaining; Notes: Surrounding healthy tissue.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates clauses; Translation: and; Notes: Adds a descriptive criterion.
  14. ipsa — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: intensifies species; Translation: itself; Notes: Emphasizes the lesion’s appearance.
  15. lepræ — Lemma: lepra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies species; Translation: of leprosy; Notes: Specifies disease type.
  16. species — Lemma: species; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: appearance; Notes: Visual diagnostic quality.
  17. fuerit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: copula in condition; Translation: has been; Notes: Links subject and adjective.
  18. subobscura — Lemma: subobscurus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine positive; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: somewhat dark; Notes: Indicates muted coloration.
  19. recludet — Lemma: recludo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main directive; Translation: he shall confine; Notes: Orders temporary isolation.
  20. eum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: him; Notes: The examined individual.
  21. septem — Lemma: septem; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies diebus; Translation: seven; Notes: Fixed observation period.
  22. diebus — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: ablative of time; Translation: days; Notes: Duration of confinement.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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