Leviticus 13:56

Posted on April 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 13:56 Sin autem obscurior fuerit locus lepræ, postquam vestis est lota, abrumpet eum, et a solido dividet.

But if the place of the leprosy has become darker, after the garment has been washed, he shall tear it away, and separate it from the sound part.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Sin but if CONJ
2 autem however ADV
3 obscurior darker NOM.SG.M ADJ.CMPR
4 fuerit has been 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
5 locus place NOM.SG.M
6 lepræ of leprosy GEN.SG.F
7 postquam after CONJ
8 vestis garment NOM.SG.F
9 est has been 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
10 lota washed NOM.SG.F PTCP.PERF.PASS
11 abrumpet he shall tear away 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
12 eum it ACC.SG.M PERS.PRON
13 et and CONJ
14 a from PREP+ABL
15 solido the sound part ABL.SG.M
16 dividet he shall separate 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Alternative Condition: Sin autem introduces a contrasting outcome.
Diagnostic Change: obscurior fuerit locus lepræ states darkening of the affected area.
Temporal Clause: postquam vestis est lota marks the action after washing.
Prescribed Action: abrumpet eum commands removal of the affected portion.
Separation Result: a solido dividet orders separation from the sound material.

Morphology

  1. Sin — Lemma: sin; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: conditional; Function: introduces an alternative case; Translation: but if; Notes: Contrasts with the prior ruling.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: adversative nuance; Translation: however; Notes: Signals a shift in outcome.
  3. obscurior — Lemma: obscurus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine comparative; Function: modifies locus; Translation: darker; Notes: Indicates change after treatment.
  4. fuerit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: auxiliary in condition; Translation: has been; Notes: Subjunctive for contingent assessment.
  5. locus — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: place; Notes: Specific area affected.
  6. lepræ — Lemma: lepra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies locus; Translation: of leprosy; Notes: Identifies the condition.
  7. postquam — Lemma: postquam; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: temporal; Function: introduces time clause; Translation: after; Notes: Sets sequence.
  8. vestis — Lemma: vestis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of the temporal clause; Translation: garment; Notes: Item under inspection.
  9. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: auxiliary; Translation: has been; Notes: Forms the perfect with the participle.
  10. lota — Lemma: lavo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular feminine perfect passive; Function: predicate participle; Translation: washed; Notes: Ritual cleansing attempt.
  11. abrumpet — Lemma: abrumpο; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: command action; Translation: he shall tear away; Notes: Physical removal required.
  12. eum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: Refers to the affected part.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates actions; Translation: and; Notes: Joins removal and separation.
  14. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: marks separation; Translation: from; Notes: Indicates source.
  15. solido — Lemma: solidus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: ablative singular masculine positive; Function: object of a; Translation: the sound part; Notes: Unaffected material.
  16. dividet — Lemma: divido; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: result action; Translation: he shall separate; Notes: Ensures removal of impurity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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