Leviticus 15:24

Posted on April 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 15:24 Si coierit cum ea vir tempore sanguinis menstrualis, immundus erit septem diebus: et omne stratum, in quo dormierit, polluetur.

If a man shall have lain with her at the time of menstrual blood, he shall be unclean for seven days; and every bed, on which he shall have slept, shall be defiled.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Si if CONJ
2 coierit shall have lain together 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
3 cum with PREP+ABL
4 ea her ABL.SG.F PERS.PRON
5 vir man NOM.SG.M
6 tempore at the time ABL.SG.N
7 sanguinis of blood GEN.SG.M
8 menstrualis menstrual GEN.SG.M ADJ
9 immundus unclean NOM.SG.M ADJ
10 erit shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
11 septem seven INDECL.NUM
12 diebus days ABL.PL.M
13 et and CONJ
14 omne every NOM.SG.N ADJ
15 stratum bed NOM.SG.N
16 in on PREP+ABL
17 quo which ABL.SG.N REL
18 dormierit shall have slept 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
19 polluetur shall be defiled 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Si coierit cum ea vir establishes the circumstance.
Temporal Specification: tempore sanguinis menstrualis defines the prohibited period.
Main Predicate: immundus erit septem diebus states the resulting impurity and its duration.
Coordinated Result: et omne stratum … polluetur extends impurity to objects of contact.
Relative Clause: in quo dormierit specifies the affected bed.

Morphology

  1. Si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: conditional marker; Translation: if; Notes: Introduces a legal condition.
  2. coierit — Lemma: coeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect indicative active; Function: verb of the conditional clause; Translation: shall have lain together; Notes: Euphemistic term for sexual intercourse.
  3. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: accompaniment; Translation: with; Notes: Indicates the partner.
  4. ea — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of cum; Translation: her; Notes: Refers to the menstruating woman.
  5. vir — Lemma: vir; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: man; Notes: Adult male participant.
  6. tempore — Lemma: tempus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of time; Translation: at the time; Notes: Specifies the moment of action.
  7. sanguinis — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of blood; Notes: Identifies the substance.
  8. menstrualis — Lemma: menstrualis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies sanguinis; Translation: menstrual; Notes: Indicates cyclical impurity.
  9. immundus — Lemma: immundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: unclean; Notes: Ritual status incurred.
  10. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: shall be; Notes: Declares the legal outcome.
  11. septem — Lemma: septem; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies diebus; Translation: seven; Notes: Fixed ritual duration.
  12. diebus — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: ablative of duration; Translation: days; Notes: Length of impurity.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds a further consequence.
  14. omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: modifies stratum; Translation: every; Notes: Universal scope.
  15. stratum — Lemma: stratum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of the passive verb; Translation: bed; Notes: Object rendered impure.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: locative relation; Translation: on; Notes: Indicates surface contact.
  17. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to stratum.
  18. dormierit — Lemma: dormio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect indicative active; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: shall have slept; Notes: Completed act of use.
  19. polluetur — Lemma: polluo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative passive; Function: main predicate of the final clause; Translation: shall be defiled; Notes: Passive emphasizes resulting condition.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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