Author Archives: Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.

Exodus 20:1

Posted on March 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 20:1 Locutusque est Dominus cunctos sermones hos: And the LORD spoke all these words: # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Locutusque having spoken, and PTCP.PERF.M.NOM.SG + CONJ 2 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND 3 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M 2ND DECL 4 cunctos … Continue reading →

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Exodus 19:25

Posted on March 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 19:25 Descenditque Moyses ad populum, et omnia narravit eis. And Moyses descended to the people and related all things to them. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Descenditque and he descended 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND + ENCLITIC 2 Moyses Moses NOUN.NOM.SG.M 3 … Continue reading →

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Exodus 19:24

Posted on March 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 19:24 Cui ait Dominus: Vade, descende: ascendesque tu, et Aaron tecum: sacerdotes autem et populus ne transeant terminos, nec ascendant ad Dominum, ne forte interficiat illos. And the LORD said to him: “Go, descend; and you shall ascend, and … Continue reading →

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Exodus 19:23

Posted on March 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 19:23 Dixitque Moyses ad Dominum: Non poterit vulgus ascendere in montem Sinai: tu enim testificatus es, et iussisti, dicens: Pone terminos circa montem, et sanctifica illum. And Moyses said to the LORD: “The crowd will not be able to … Continue reading →

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Exodus 19:22

Posted on March 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 19:22 Sacerdotes quoque qui accedunt ad Dominum, sanctificentur, ne percutiat eos. The priests also, who approach the LORD, must be sanctified, lest He strike them.” # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Sacerdotes priests NOUN.NOM.PL.M 2 quoque also ADV 3 … Continue reading →

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Exodus 19:21

Posted on March 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 19:21 dixit ad eum: Descende, et contestare populum: ne forte velit transcendere terminos ad videndum Dominum, et pereat ex eis plurima multitudo. He said to him: “Go down and warn the people, lest perhaps the people should wish to … Continue reading →

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Exodus 19:20

Posted on March 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 19:20 Descenditque Dominus super montem Sinai in ipso montis vertice, et vocavit Moysen in cacumen eius. Quo cum ascendisset, And the LORD descended upon Mount Sinai on the very top of the mountain, and He called Moyses to its … Continue reading →

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Exodus 19:19

Posted on March 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 19:19 Et sonitus buccinæ paulatim crescebat in maius, et prolixius tendebatur: Moyses loquebatur, et Deus respondebat ei. And the sound of the trumpet was gradually increasing more and more, and it was extended longer; Moyses was speaking, and God … Continue reading →

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Exodus 19:18

Posted on March 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 19:18 Totus autem mons Sinai fumabat: eo quod descendisset Dominus super eum in igne, et ascenderet fumus ex eo quasi de fornace: eratque omnis mons terribilis. And the whole mountain of Sinai was smoking, because the LORD had descended … Continue reading →

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Exodus 19:17

Posted on March 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 19:17 Cumque eduxisset eos Moyses in occursum Dei de loco castrorum, steterunt ad radices montis. And when Moyses had led them out to meet God from the place of the camp, they stood at the foot of the mountain. … Continue reading →

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