Exodus 30:8

Posted on March 21, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 30:8 et quando collocabit eas ad vesperum, uret thymiama sempiternum coram Domino in generationes vestras.

and when he sets them in place in the evening, he shall burn incense forever before the LORD throughout your generations.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ INDECL
2 quando when ADV REL INDECL
3 collocabit he sets in place 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ
4 eas them ACC.PL.F PRON PERS
5 ad at / toward PREP+ACC INDECL
6 vesperum evening ACC.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
7 uret he shall burn 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
8 thymiama incense ACC.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL
9 sempiternum perpetual ACC.SG.N ADJ POS
10 coram before / in the presence of PREP+ABL INDECL
11 Domino the LORD ABL.SG.M NOUN 2ND DECL
12 in in PREP+ABL INDECL
13 generationes generations ACC.PL.F NOUN 3RD DECL
14 vestras your ACC.PL.F ADJ POSS

Syntax

Temporal Clause: quando collocabit eas ad vesperum — describes the evening arrangement of the lamps.
Main Clause: uret thymiama — he shall burn incense.
Accusative + Adjective: thymiama sempiternum — the incense is characterized as perpetual.
Prepositional Phrase: coram Domino — performed before the LORD.
Extended Temporal Frame: in generationes vestras — command applies throughout all future generations.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links with prior ritual instructions; Translation: and; Notes: continuation of daily incense prescriptions.
  2. quando — Lemma: quando; Part of Speech: adverb (relative/temporal); Form: invariable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: when; Notes: connects evening lamp-tending to incense burning.
  3. collocabit — Lemma: colloco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third singular; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: he sets in place; Notes: refers to arranging the lamps.
  4. eas — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object of collocabit; Translation: them; Notes: refers to the lamps.
  5. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses time approached; Translation: at; Notes: here temporal, not spatial.
  6. vesperum — Lemma: vesperum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of ad; Translation: evening; Notes: marks the second daily incense time.
  7. uret — Lemma: uro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third singular; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall burn; Notes: describes the priestly burning of incense.
  8. thymiama — Lemma: thymiama; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object of uret; Translation: incense; Notes: sacred fragrant incense.
  9. sempiternum — Lemma: sempiternus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies thymiama; Translation: perpetual; Notes: expresses ongoing enduring ritual obligation.
  10. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates presence before; Translation: before; Notes: liturgical spatial marker.
  11. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of coram; Translation: the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH according to instruction.
  12. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative here (motion over time); Function: indicates extension; Translation: throughout; Notes: marks duration across generations.
  13. generationes — Lemma: generatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: generations; Notes: multi-generational covenant scope.
  14. vestras — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies generationes; Translation: your; Notes: addressed to Israel collectively.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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