Exodus 34:25

Posted on March 25, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 34:25 Non immolabis super fermento sanguinem hostiæ meæ: neque residebit mane de victima sollemnitatis Phase.

You shall not offer the blood of my sacrifice over leaven, nor shall anything remain until morning from the victim of the feast of Phase.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Non not ADV
2 immolabis you shall offer 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ
3 super upon / over PREP+ABL
4 fermento leaven ABL.SG.N 2ND DECL
5 sanguinem blood ACC.SG.M 3RD DECL
6 hostiæ of the sacrifice GEN.SG.F 1ST DECL
7 meæ my GEN.SG.F POSS.ADJ
8 neque nor CONJ
9 residebit shall remain 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND 2ND CONJ
10 mane in the morning ABL.SG.N INDECL
11 de from PREP+ABL
12 victima victim / sacrificial offering ABL.SG.F 1ST DECL
13 sollemnitatis of the feast GEN.SG.F 3RD DECL
14 Phase of Pesaḥ / Passover GEN.SG.INDECL

Syntax

First Prohibition:
Non immolabis super fermento sanguinem hostiæ meæ
• immolabis = future indicative used as covenantal command.
• sanguinem hostiæ meæ = direct object (“the blood of my sacrifice”).
• super fermento = prepositional phrase (“over leaven”), forbidden cultic mixture.

Second Prohibition:
neque residebit mane de victima sollemnitatis Phase
• residebit = future indicative, legal-prohibitive.
• de victima sollemnitatis Phase = ablative of separation (“from the victim of the Pesaḥ feast”).
• Implicit: nothing may remain until morning.

Morphology

  1. Non — Lemma: nōn; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negates immolabis; Translation: not; Notes: standard legal negation.
  2. immolabis — Lemma: immolō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of prohibition; Translation: you shall offer; Notes: future indicative expresses legal mandate.
  3. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative here; Function: expresses location; Translation: over; Notes: cultic restriction forbidding contact with leaven.
  4. fermento — Lemma: fermentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: leaven; Notes: leaven symbolizes corruption in ritual contexts.
  5. sanguinem — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of immolabis; Translation: blood; Notes: refers to sacrificial blood.
  6. hostiæ — Lemma: hostia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies sanguinem; Translation: of the sacrifice; Notes: specifies sacrificial context.
  7. meæ — Lemma: meus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies hostiæ; Translation: my; Notes: the sacrifice belongs to YHWH.
  8. neque — Lemma: neque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins prohibitions; Translation: nor; Notes: signals second command.
  9. residebit — Lemma: resideō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of second prohibition; Translation: shall remain; Notes: echoes earlier Passover regulations.
  10. mane — Lemma: māne; Part of Speech: adverbial noun; Form: ablative singular neuter (indeclinable); Function: temporal marker; Translation: until morning; Notes: terminus for consumption of sacrificial meat.
  11. de — Lemma: dē; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses separation; Translation: from; Notes: indicates what must not remain.
  12. victima — Lemma: victima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: victim / offering; Notes: refers to the sacrificial animal of Pesaḥ.
  13. sollemnitatis — Lemma: sollemnitas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies victima; Translation: of the feast; Notes: specifies liturgical festival.
  14. Phase — Lemma: Phase; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular indeclinable; Function: modifies sollemnitatis; Translation: of Pesaḥ; Notes: the festival commonly known as Passover (Pesaḥ).

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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