Exodus 35:35

Posted on March 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 35:35 ambos erudivit sapientia, ut faciant opera abietarii, polymitarii, ac plumarii de hyacintho ac purpura, coccoque bis tincto, et bysso, et texant omnia, ac nova quæque reperiant.

He has instructed both of them with wisdom, so that they may perform the works of the carpenter, the embroiderer, and the weaver, from violet and purple and twice-dyed scarlet, and fine linen, and that they may weave all things, and devise whatever new things they find.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 ambos both ADJ.ACC.PL.M.POS
2 erudivit has instructed 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND.4TH CONJ
3 sapientia with wisdom NOUN.ABL.SG.F.1ST DECL
4 ut so that CONJ.SUBORD
5 faciant may do 3PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ.3RD CONJ
6 opera works NOUN.ACC.PL.N.3RD DECL
7 abietarii of a carpenter ADJ.GEN.SG.M.POS
8 polymitarii of an embroiderer ADJ.GEN.SG.M.POS
9 ac and CONJ
10 plumarii of a weaver ADJ.GEN.SG.M.POS
11 de from PREP+ABL
12 hyacintho violet NOUN.ABL.SG.M.2ND DECL
13 ac and CONJ
14 purpura purple NOUN.ABL.SG.F.1ST DECL
15 coccoque and scarlet NOUN.ABL.SG.M.3RD DECL + ENCLITIC -QUE
16 bis twice ADV
17 tincto dyed PTCP.PERF.PASS.ABL.SG.M
18 et and CONJ
19 bysso fine linen NOUN.ABL.SG.F.1ST DECL
20 et and CONJ
21 texant may weave 3PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ.3RD CONJ
22 omnia all things ADJ.ACC.PL.N.POS
23 ac and CONJ
24 nova new things ADJ.ACC.PL.N.POS
25 quæque whatever PRON.INDEF.ACC.PL.N + ENCLITIC -QUE
26 reperiant they may devise/find 3PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ.4TH CONJ

Syntax

Main Clause: ambos erudivit sapientia — “He has instructed both with wisdom,” subject implied (the LORD).

Purpose Clause: ut faciant opera… — expresses the purpose of divine instruction.

Genitives of Specification: abietarii, polymitarii, plumarii — denote types of craftsmanship (“work of the carpenter / embroiderer / weaver”).

Ablatives of Material: de hyacintho… purpura… cocco… bysso — materials used for sacred artistry.

Subordinate Purpose Clause: et texant omnia — “and that they may weave all things.”

Indefinite Object Construction: ac nova quæque reperiant — “and that they may devise whatever new things they find.”

Morphology

  1. ambos — Lemma: ambo; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: both; Notes: refers to Bezalel and Oholiab.
  2. erudivit — Lemma: erudio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular; Function: main verb; Translation: has instructed; Notes: conveys specialized skill training.
  3. sapientia — Lemma: sapientia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with wisdom; Notes: divine impartation of skill.
  4. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: so that; Notes: introduces subjunctive.
  5. faciant — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive 3rd plural; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: they may make/do; Notes: subjunctive marks intention.
  6. opera — Lemma: opus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: works; Notes: covers all artisanal output.
  7. abietarii — Lemma: abietarius; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: specification; Translation: of a carpenter; Notes: indicates category of work.
  8. polymitarii — Lemma: polymitarius; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: specification; Translation: of an embroiderer; Notes: specialized textile artisan.
  9. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects final item; Translation: and; Notes: slightly stronger than “et.”
  10. plumarii — Lemma: plumarius; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: specification; Translation: of a weaver; Notes: associated with loom-work.
  11. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: material; Translation: from; Notes: used for textile composition.
  12. hyacintho — Lemma: hyacinthus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative of material; Translation: violet; Notes: rare, expensive dye.
  13. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates; Translation: and; Notes: stylistic variation.
  14. purpura — Lemma: purpura; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: material; Translation: purple; Notes: royal dye.
  15. coccoque — Lemma: coccus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine + enclitic -que; Function: adds next term; Translation: and scarlet; Notes: “coccoque bis tincto” = “twice-dyed scarlet.”
  16. bis — Lemma: bis; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: modifies participle; Translation: twice; Notes: expresses intensified dyeing.
  17. tincto — Lemma: tingo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative singular masculine perfect passive; Function: describes cocco; Translation: dyed; Notes: “twice-dyed” expresses deep color.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects final material; Translation: and; Notes: simple connective.
  19. bysso — Lemma: byssus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: material; Translation: fine linen; Notes: top-quality Egyptian linen.
  20. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces next purpose clause; Translation: and; Notes: coordinating.
  21. texant — Lemma: texo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive 3rd plural; Function: subjunctive of purpose; Translation: that they may weave; Notes: skilled weaving for sanctuary fabrics.
  22. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object of texant; Translation: all things; Notes: indicates totality.
  23. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces final clause; Translation: and; Notes: slightly emphatic connector.
  24. nova — Lemma: novus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object; Translation: new things; Notes: creative innovations.
  25. quæque — Lemma: quisque; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter + enclitic -que; Function: generalizing modifier; Translation: whatever; Notes: emphasizes inclusivity.
  26. reperiant — Lemma: reperio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive 3rd plural; Function: verb of final clause; Translation: they may devise / find; Notes: expresses discovery or creative invention.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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